论我国考试制度的指挥棒效应——基于历史考察的视角

On the Baton Effect of China’s Examination System:Based on Historical Perspective

考试制度的指挥棒效应因其广泛性、显著性、强制性和变化性对被选拔群体具有强大的引导作用,并间接对国家的政治、经济、文化和教育产生影响。纵观千年科举发展历程,其强大的指挥棒效应伴随始终,消解了盘根错节数百年的政治团体,指引了千年文人风气和学校教育,也间接影响了王朝的兴衰。考试制度的指挥棒效应有其普遍而深刻的形成机理,是一把双刃剑。基于历史经验,应合理设计高考制度的内容和形式,正确处理高中教育与高考制度的关系,并充分发挥考试指挥棒效应的正向引导作用。

The baton effect of the examination system has a strong guiding effect on the selected groups due to its extensiveness,distinctiveness,compulsion and variability,and indirectly affects the country’s politics,economy,culture,and education.In view of the development process of the millennium imperial examination,its powerful baton effect has always been there to eliminate political groups that have been rooted for hundreds of years,to guide the millennial literati culture and school education,and indirectly to affect the rise and fall of the dynasty.The baton effect of the examination system has its universal and profound formation mechanism and it is a double-edged sword.Based on the historical experience,the content and form of the college entrance examination system should be rationally designed,the relationship between high school education and the college entrance examination system to be correctly handled,and the examination to be fully utilized the positive guiding role of the baton effect.