不同育苗措施对北苍术幼苗的影响

Effects of Different Seedling Raising Measures on the Seedlings of Atractylodes chinensis

目的:为获得优质种苗,在榆中县小康营乡进行北苍术育苗实验,探寻适宜北苍术大田育苗技术措施,提高育苗成效。方法:设置10种不同的育苗处理:CK(露地穴播)、T1(沟播+覆草)、T2(沟播+覆草+覆遮阳网)、T3(沟播+覆草+撑遮阳网)、T4(沟播+覆草+无纺布)、T5(沟播+无纺布+覆遮阳网)、T6(穴播+黑地膜+覆草)、T7(沟播+蛭石)、T8(沟播+蛭石+覆遮阳网)、T9(沟播+蛭石+覆草)。结果:不同育苗措施条件下北苍术种子出苗差异极显著,出苗率由高到低依次为T7>T5>T8>T2>T4>T9>T3>T1>T6>CK;处理T7、T5和T8出苗率较CK分别提高了315.98%、259.97%和243.99%。不同育苗措施条件下北苍术块根各项指标综合指数一致,依次为T7>T5>T8>T4>T3>T6>CK>T9>T2>T1,以处理T7最好,其次为处理T5和T8。结论:采用沟播+蛭石、沟播+无纺布+覆遮阳网、沟播+蛭石+覆遮阳网方式育苗,有利于北苍术出苗和培育壮苗。

Objective:In order to obtain high-quality seedlings,Atractylodes chinensis seedlings experiment were cultivated in Xiaokangying Township,Yuzhong County,to explore the suitable technical measures for seedling raising in the field of A.chinensis and improve the seedling raising effect.Methods:Set up 10 different seedling treatments:CK(outdoor hole-sowing),T1(ditch sowing+grass mulching),T2(ditch sowing+grass mulching+covering shade net),T3(ditch sowing+grass mulching+supporting shade net),T4(ditch sowing+grass mulching+non-woven fabric),T5(ditch sowing+non-woven fabric+covering shade net),T6(hole sowing+black mulching film+grass mulching),T7(ditch sowing+vermiculite),T8(ditch sowing+vermiculite+covering shade net),T9(ditch sowing+vermiculite+grass mulching).Results:The seedling emergence difference of A.chinensis seeds under different seedling raising measures was extremely significant,the emergence rate from high to low was:T7>T5>T8>T2>T4>T9>T3>T1>T6>CK;Treatments T7,T5 and T8 emerged compared with CK,the rates were increased by 315.98%,259.97% and 243.99%,respectively.Under the conditions of different seedling cultivation measures,the comprehensive index of the root tuber various indicators of A.chinensis was consistent,and the order was T7>T5>T8>T4>T3>T6>CK>T9>T2>T1.T8 was the best treatment,followed by T6 and T9.Conclusion:Adopting treatment ditch sowing+vermiculite,ditch sowing+non-woven fabric+covering shade net,ditch sowing+vermiculite+covering shade net method for raising seedlings is conducive to the emergence and cultivation of strong seedlings of A.chinensis.