突发公共卫生事件中护理人员心理状况调查与分析

Social support and psychological status of nurses in public health emergencies

目的了解突发公共卫生应急事件护理人员的心理健康状况,为采取针对性的措施和方法提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选用社会支持评定量表、心理弹性量表、心理健康评定量表对护理人员心理状况进行问卷调查。结果护理人员心理健康评分为(12.07±7.17)分,90.48%(133/147)的护理人员心理健康较好,9.52%(14/147)的护理人员心理健康较差。单因素方差分析显示职称与所在科室两个因素影响护理人员心理健康,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示心理健康与社会支持评定量表及客观支持、对社会支持利用度维度、心理弹性之间均相关(P<0.05);多元线性逐步回归分析显示职称、所在科室、心理弹性是一线护理人员心理健康的独立影响因素。结论护理人员心理健康水平待提高,采取有效的心理干预方案,尽量降低护理人员的劳动负荷,必要时进行心理咨询,以保持良好的心理健康。

Objective To understand the mental health status of nurses in public health emergencies, and to provide basis for taking targeted measures and methods. Methods The social support rating scale, mental resilience rating scale and mental health rating scale were used to investigate the psychological status of nursing staff. Results The average mental health score of nurses was(12.07±7.17)points, 90.48%(133/147)had good mental health, 9.52%(14/147)had average mental health. One-way ANOVA showed that title and department had a statistically significant impact on nurses’ mental health(P<0.05);Pearson correlation analysis showed that mental health was correlated with social support rating scale and objective support, social support utilization, and mental resilience, both reaching significant levels(P<0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that title, department and mental resilience were independent influencing factors of mental health of front-line nurses. Conclusion The mental health level of nursing staff should be improved, effective psychological intervention scheme adopted to reduce the labor load of nursing staff as far as possible, and psychological counseling carried out when necessary to maintain good mental health.