全浸式火炮内弹道参数优化设计

Optimization Design of Interior Trajectory Parameters of Fully-Immersed Artillery

随着水下安全威胁的日益提升,水下火炮内弹道优化设计已成为水下攻防领域的研究热点之一。火炮尤其是采用变燃速发射药的小口径火炮的水下发射过程与大气中火炮发射过程相比更加复杂。文中针对全浸式火炮发射过程,在经典内弹道模型的基础上,考虑钝感发射药、弹丸对身管内弹丸水柱的做功、炮口喷出水阻以及水深的影响等诸多因素建立内弹道方程组,并选择多岛遗传算法对火炮内弹道参数进行优化设计,得出了满足炮口初速和最大膛压要求的装填参量和发射药参数,包括药室容积、弹丸行程长、发射药弧厚、钝感深度、表面燃速修正量和装药量等。对优化结果的工程化分析可知,文中的设计方法可以快速得到较为合理的参数指标,从而大幅度减小内弹道设计的工作量。

The interior trajectory optimization design of underwater artillery has become an active topic in underwater attack and defense research owing to the increasing threat to underwater security.The launching process of artillery in water is more complicated than that in the air environment,especially regarding small-caliber artillery in the presence of a variable burning rate propellant.In this study,the optimization design of internal ballistic parameters is conducted using a multi-island genetic algorithm,based on the classical interior ballistic model,to investigate the launching pro-cess of fully immersed artillery.Some parameters such as the insensitive propellant,work of a projectile on the water column in a barrel,water resistance of the muzzle,and the influence of water depth are considered to establish the inte-rior ballistic equations.The loading and propellant parameters,such as chamber volume,projectile travel length,pro-pellant web size,insensitive depth,surface burning rate coefficient correction,and mass of charge,are set to achieve the maximum bore pressure and muzzle velocity.Engineering analysis of the optimization results shows that the proposed method can quickly achieve reasonable parameter indicators to greatly reduce the workload of interior trajectory design.