基于森林气候与土壤类型的广西人工林土壤分区及其肥力演变

Soil Zoning and Fertility Evaluation of Plantations in Guangxi Based on Forest Climate and Soil Types

为给广西人工林土壤管理和施肥策略制定提供理论依据,保证林业产业高效和可持续发展,基于土壤类型、广西森林气候分区及土壤养分特征等林地土壤环境数据,对广西人工林土壤进行分区及区域化肥力评价。首次将广西人工林地分为7个区,分别为北热带季雨林赤红壤西区、北热带季雨林赤红壤东区、南亚热带常绿阔叶林赤红壤区、半湿润南亚热带常绿阔叶林红壤区、中亚热带常绿阔叶林红壤西区、中亚热带常绿阔叶林红壤东区和南亚热带常绿阔叶林石灰(岩)土区。区域化肥力评价结果显示,各区域土壤pH均值比历史均值均有不同程度下降,其中红壤东区下降幅度最大(17.14%);各区土壤有机质含量均值均比历史均值高,其中南亚热带赤红壤区上升幅度最大(59.63%);各分区土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量均值均比历史均值高,其中南亚热带赤红壤区碱解氮含量上升幅度最大(103.89%),半湿润红壤区和赤红壤西区有效磷含量上升幅度较大,分别为160.29%和155.41%;大部分区域土壤速效钾含量均值比历史均值高,高纬度两个分区(红壤东区和红壤西区)上升幅度较大,分别为106.89%和121.68%。

Based on soil environmental data such as soil types,forest climate zoning and soil nutrient character⁃istics in Guangxi,soil fertility of plantations in Guangxi was evaluated by zoning and regionalization,which could provide theoretical evidence for soil management and formulation of fertilization strategies,and ensure high-efficient and sustainable development of forest.Plantations in Guangxi were divided into seven areas for the first time,which were western lateritic soil region of northern tropical monsoon rain forest,eastern lateritic soil region of northern tropical monsoon rain forest industry,lateritic soil region of south subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest,red soil region of subhumid south subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest,western red soil region of mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest,eastern red soil region of mid-subtropical ever⁃green broad-leaved forest,lime-soil region of south subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest.Results of re⁃gional fertility evaluation showed that average soil pH values of different regions decreased with different de⁃grees compared with average historical values,which decreased the most in eastern red soil region by 17.14%.Contents of soil organic matters in different regions increased compared with average historical values,which in⁃creased the most in red soil region of south subtropical region by 59.63%.Average contents of soil alkali-hydro⁃lyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus increased compared with average historical values.Content of soil al⁃kali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in red soil region of south subtropical region increased the most by 103.89%.Con⁃tents of available phosphorus in subhumid red soil region and western lateritic soil region were higher by 160.29%and 155.41%,respectively.Average contents of soil available potassium in a majority of regions in⁃creased compared with average historical values,which were higher by 106.89%and 121.68%in eastern and western red soil regions of high latitude.