重庆市轨道交通环境影响评价重点关注问题探讨

Key Issues in Environmental Impact Assessment of Chongqing Rail Transit

通过对重庆市轨道交通在建及运营线路的环境影响分析,总结出重庆轨道交通环境影响评价重点关注的5个方面,包括重庆轨道的车型特点、列车振动影响特点、钢结构轨道桥环境影响特点、风亭及冷却塔的选址特点及轨道施工方式特点等。环境影响评价阶段需重点关注由此产生的环境影响,有针对性地开展环境影响评价。为此,提出以下建议:(1)通过现场实测确定列车噪声和振动源强;(2)通过现场实测确定土层调整系数及距离衰减修正值;(3)除了设置声屏障外,从桥梁设计、减振设计、行车速度优化等多方面提出钢桥综合减振降噪措施;(4)充分结合地形特点或采取与商业建筑合建的形式,优化风亭、冷却塔选址;(5)优先采用TBM掘进工艺,推荐采用装配式施工工艺,减少施工环境影响。

Through the environmental impact analysis of rail transit lines under construction and operation in Chongqing,five characteristics of Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA)of Chongqing rail transit are summarized,including model characteristics of Chongqing Railway,influence characteristics of train vibration,environmental impact characteristics of steel structure track bridge,site selection characteristics of wind pavilion and cooling tower,characteristics of track construction mode etc.In the EIA stage,based on those characteristics,the environmental impact caused by the above characteristics should be focused on,targeted impact assessments should be proposed.At the same time,following suggestions are put forward∶(1)determining the train noise and vibration source intensity by on-site measurement;(2)determining the adjustment coefficient of soil layer and the correction value of distance attenuation by on-site measurement;(3)in addition to setting sound barriers,comprehensive vibration and noise reduction measures for steel bridges are put forward from the aspects of bridge design,vibration reduction design and driving speed;(4)optimizing the location of the wind pavilion and cooling tower,in full combination with the terrain characteristics or in the form of joint construction with commercial buildings;(5)TBM tunneling technology is preferred,and assembly construction technology is recommended to reduce the impact of construction environment.