杭州市呼吸道病毒核酸扩增实验室建设现状调查

Investigation of the construction status of respiratory virus nucleic acid amplification laboratories in Hangzhou City

目的了解杭州市呼吸道病毒核酸扩增实验室建设现状,分析存在的问题并提出有针对性的建议。方法采用现场调查的方式,收集杭州市辖区内40家呼吸道病毒聚合酶链反应(PolymereseChainReaction,PCR)实验室建设现状的相关数据,并进行统计分析。结果大多数呼吸道病毒PCR实验室平面布局合理。医疗机构、疾控机构、第三方检测机构的围护结构材质的合格率(χ^(2)=8.256)、样本制备区内缓冲间与核心区面积比例(χ^(2)=8.929)、样本制备区设置压力的实验室数(χ^(2)=15.081)、压力设置不合格的实验室数(χ^(2)=13.109)、生物安全柜型号选择(χ^(2)=18.951)、生物安全柜气流合格率(χ^(2)=6.434)、样本制备区压力蒸汽灭菌器配置率(χ^(2)=9.209)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论各单位实验室在围护结构、面积、压力、实验室消毒等都存在较大差异,均涉及生物安全问题。各机构应切实加强呼吸道病毒PCR实验室建设与运行管理,加强设施设备和专业人员配置,提高生物安全意识。

Objective To know the present situation of the respiratory virus nucleic acid amplification laboratories in Hangzhou City,so as to analyze the existing problems and put forward targeted suggestions.Methods The on-site investigation was used to collect relevant data on the construction status of 40 respiratory virus PCR laboratories in Hangzhou City,and then the results were statistically analyzed.Results The layout of most respiratory virus PCR laboratories is reasonable.There is significant difference in the qualification rate of building envelope material(χ^(2)=8.256),the ratio of the buffer room area and core working room area(χ^(2)=8.929),the number of laboratories setting pressure in the sample preparation area(χ^(2)=15.081),the number of laboratories with unqualified pressure setting in the sample preparation area(χ^(2)=13.109),the model selection of biological safety cabinet(χ^(2)=18.951),airflow qualification rate of biological safety cabinets(χ^(2)=6.434),and the allocation rate of pressure steam sterilizer in the sample preparation area(χ^(2)=9.209)among medical institutions(all P<0.05).Conclusion The laboratories show dramatic variation from building envelope,area,pressure and laboratory disinfection,etc,and those pose potential biosafety issues.All institutions should enhance the construction and operation process of the respiratory virus PCR laboratories,strengthen the configuration of hardware and inspectors,and improve the awareness of biosafety.