我国职业教育管理体制:70年回顾与展望

The Management System of Vocational Education in the People’s Republic of China: Review and Prospect

1949年后,我国经济体制先后经历了计划经济体制、有计划的商品经济和社会主义市场经济体制三个阶段,我国职业教育行政管理体制从集权到分权;办学体制从公办到公办为主,公办、民办、社会力量办学共存;学校办学从政府统招统配到拥有相对独立的办学自主权,教育管理体制不断改革和完善,推动了我国职业教育持续健康发展。进入新时代,我国职业教育管理体制表现出五大变化趋势,即进一步加强党对教育的领导、从高重心管理向低重心管理转变、从政府办学向多主体办学转变、从政府直接管理向多元治理转变、从教育供给导向向需求导向转变。

since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China’s economic system has undergone planned economic system,planned commodity economy and socialist market economic system.The administrative system of vocational education in China has changed from centralization to decentralization;the school running system from public to public dominated,with public,private and social forces coexisting;the school running from government unified recruitment and allocation to relatively independent running system,and the continuous reform and improvement of the educational management system have promoted the sustainable and healthy development of vocational education in China.In the new era,China’s vocational education management system shows distinctive trends,including further strengthening the party’s leadership in education,transforming high focus management to low focus management,government to multiple agents,government direct management to multiple governance,and education supply to demand orientation.