癫痫与焦亡的关系及相关机制研究现状

Relationship Between Epilepsy and Pyroptosis and the Related Mechanisms

癫痫是临床常见的神经系统疾病,约30%的患者对传统抗癫痫药物耐药而成为难治性癫痫。癫痫的发病机制复杂,且尚无有效治疗方法,给家庭和社会带来极大负担。多年来的基础与临床研究表明,钙离子通道异常是癫痫发病的重要机制之一;神经元死亡和神经炎症是难治性癫痫的重要特征。焦亡是近年发现并证实的一种炎症性程序性细胞死亡方式,细胞焦亡发生的关键是炎性体的激活,而钙动员对炎性体激活至关重要。焦亡参与多种疾病过程,包括难治性癫痫海马神经元的死亡。该文主要综述癫痫与神经元死亡、神经炎症、钙离子通道异常之间的关联,分析神经元焦亡与癫痫之间的关系,为进一步研究癫痫发病机制提供新的视角。

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease,of which about 30%are resistant to traditional antiepileptic drugs and are called refractory epilepsy.Its pathogenesis is complex and there is no effective treatment,which brings a great burden to the family and society.Years of basic and clinical studies have shown that abnormal calcium channels are one of the important mechanisms of epilepsy.Neuronal death and neuroinflammation are important characteristics of refractory epilepsy.Pyroptosis is a kind of inflammatory programmed cell death,which is discovered and confirmed in recent years.The activation of inflammasomes is the key factor in this process,and calcium mobilization is crucial to the activation of inflammasome.Studies have shown that pyroptosis is involved in a variety of disease processes,including the hippocampal neuron death in refractory epilepsy.This article mainly discusses the correlation between epilepsy and neuronal death,neuroinflammation and abnormal calcium channels,and try to analyse the relationship between neuronal pyroptosis and epilepsy,in an attempt to provide a new perspective for further study of the pathogenesis of epilepsy.