论近似原则在慈善信托中的适用

On the Application of Cy-Près Doctrine in Charitable Trust

近似原则经过英美等多国长时间的发展和完善,目前已是慈善信托中一项独特且重要的制度设计。各国在近似原则的适用规则和适用范围等方面形成了相对完备的规范。我国目前随着国内慈善活动和公益事业的蓬勃发展,加之受2020年初爆发的新型冠状病毒疫情的影响,慈善信托逐渐增多。近似原则作为信托法的重要核心原则,虽在我国信托立法中有所体现,但其适用要件和备案制度等方面还存在一些疏漏,亟待补足以供实践操作。参酌域外立法例及成熟经验,结合我国实际促使慈善信托制度臻于完备,方可助力我国慈善事业之长远发展。

Cy-Près Doctrine has been developed and refined over a long period of time in many countries,such as the United Kingdom and the United States,and is now a unique and important institutional design in charitable trusts.The rules and scope of application of Cy-Près Doctrine have formed relatively complete norms in each country.China is currently experiencing a gradual increase in charitable trusts with the booming development of domestic charitable activities and public welfare undertakings,coupled with the impact of the new coronavirus outbreak in early 2020.charitable trusts are gradually on the rise.Although Cy-Près Doctrine,as an important core principle of trust law,is reflected in China's trust legislation,there are still some omissions in its application elements and filing system,which need to be supplemented for practical operation.In order to facilitate the long-term development of charity in China,it is important to take into account overseas legislation and mature experience,as well as the actual situation in China,in order to perfect the system of charitable trusts.