空间光电跟踪系统闭环全物理仿真试验技术

Closed-loop physical test technology for space electro-optical tracking system

为验证空间光电跟踪系统与卫星平台耦合作用下的跟踪性能,提出空间光电跟踪系统全物理仿真试验方法。利用三轴气浮台模拟卫星零重力下的自由转动,在地面实现了非合作目标闭环跟踪控制和空间动力学特性的综合模拟。采用基于整星姿态动力学的重力干扰力矩辨识方法,消除转动部件重力干扰对试验的影响,实现对系统跟踪脱靶量的精确评估。试验结果表明,空间光电跟踪系统针对非合作目标的跟踪脱靶量优于0.006°(3σ),满足系统在轨应用需求。但在对高速目标跟踪过程中,跟踪脱靶量存在一定的相位滞后,控制方案需进一步优化。

In order to validate the tracking performance of the space electro-optical tracking system coupled with the satellite platform,a physical simulation test method is proposed in this paper.With a three-axis air-bearing platform simulating the free rotation of the three-axis stable satellite under zero gravity,the closed-loop tracking control characteristics of the non-cooperative target and the space coupled dynamics are simulated on the ground.The method of identifying the gravitational torque based on the whole-satellite attitude dynamics is adopted,to eliminate the influence of the rotational parts on the test,and to achieve an accurate evaluation of the system tracking.It is shown that the tracking accuracy of the non-cooperative target is better than 0.006°,which meets the need of the on-orbit applications.While in tracking the high-speed targets,the system has a certain phase lag,therefore,the control plan has to be further optimized.