碎软煤层空气泡沫复合定向钻进技术应用研究

Application of air foam composite directional drilling technology in broken soft coal seams

针对碎软煤层空气定向钻进存在空气螺杆马达降温润滑,煤尘降尘处理和孔内煤层出水处置技术需求,在分析钻渣运移特性的基础上,通过集成稳定高效发泡、"机械+泡沫"复合排渣和"空气+泡沫"复合钻进等关键技术,配套定向钻机、泡沫发生灌注系统、空气螺杆马达、异形钻杆和随钻测量系统等关键装备,开发了碎软煤层空气泡沫复合定向钻进技术。在安徽省宿州市某矿开展了应用试验,在出水碎软煤层中顺利施工了主孔深度232m顺煤层定向钻孔,与应用空气定向钻进技术施工的2个钻孔相比,成孔深度分别提高了97%和105%,显著提高了顺煤层定向钻孔成孔深度,增强了碎软煤层瓦斯抽采效果,同时达到了降温润滑空气螺杆马达,降低孔口返出煤尘目的,可为碎软煤层定向钻孔施工提供一种新的技术途径。

In order to meet the requirements of air screw motor cooling and lubrication, coal dust removal treatment at the orifice and water outlet disposal in the air directional drilling, an air foam composite directional drilling technology for broken soft coal seams has been developed based on the analysis of drilling slag migration characteristics of air directional drilling. The key technologies such as stable and efficient foaming, "mechanical + foam" composite slag discharge and "air + foam" composite drilling were integrated. The technology was also equipped with directional drillrig, foam generation perfusion system, air screw motor, special-shaped drill pipe and measurement while drilling system, etc. The application test was carried out in the coal mine in Suzhou, Anhui Province. The directional borehole with the main hole depth of 232 m was successfully constructed along the coal seams in the broken soft coal seam.Compared with the boreholes using air directional drilling technology, the hole forming depth was increased by 97%and 105% respectively, which significantly improved the hole forming depth of directional drilling along the broken soft coal seams. The technology is helpful to enhance the gas extraction effect in the broken soft coal seams, and to achieve the purpose of cooling and lubricating the air screw motor and reducing the coal dust from the orifice. Finally,it can provide a new technical way for directional drilling construction of broken soft coal seams.