汽化热量热计的建立及物质汽化潜热的测定

Construction of a Vaporization Calorimeter and Determination of Latent Heats of Vaporization

在J.H.Mathews仪器的基础上进行适当改进,本文建立了一种等温绝热型汽化热量热计,经对甲醇、乙醇、苯、甲苯和水等物质的测定,精度可达0.1—0.2%,与文献值对比,准确度在0.3%以内,在纯物质测定的基础上,对水+乙醇、苯+甲醇两个二元物系进行了等压积分汽化潜热的测定,文中对采用“差分-积分图”方法反映汽化过程中体系的焓变作了一些探讨,另外,本文还就我国石油轻馏分汽化热的测定进行了初步的探索和研究。

By modifying Mathews’ apparatus, an isolhermal-adiabatic vaporization calorimeter was constructed.Latent heats of vaporization of pure methanol, ethanol, benzene, toluene and water were determined with an accuracy of 0.1-0.2%, agreeing with literature in less than 0.3%.Binary systems of water-ethanol and benzene-methanol and domestic crude cuts were also studied.