我国区域大气污染防治协作历程与展望

Progress and Prospect of Regional Air Pollution Prevention and Control Cooperation in China

建立横向跨区域大气治理的联防联控协调机制是解决区域性大气污染的重要手段。我国自20世纪90年代开始探索通过区域协作解决区域性大气污染问题,经过30多年的发展,区域大气协作取得阶段性成效,但是区域协作的内在动力和持续性不足,难以满足未来区域大气环境管理需求。本文从理念形成、实践探索、机制完善等层面系统回顾了我国区域大气污染防治协作发展历程,结合“大气十条”以来重点区域联防联控工作重点和机制创新,总结了空气质量改善、统一标准体系建设、重污染天气应急体系建设、环境监管模式创新、科技支撑等方面取得的主要成效。基于未来我国区域大气环境管理需求,从综合管理体系、立法保障、规划统筹、信息共享等方面提出进一步完善的对策建议。

Practices show that the establishment of a joint prevention and control coordination mechanism for horizontal and cross regional air governance is an important mean to solve regional air pollution.Since the 1990s,China has begun to explore how to solve the problem of regional air pollution through regional cooperation.After more than two decades of development,regional air cooperation has achieved phased results,however,the internal power and sustainability of regional cooperation are insufficient to meet future regional air environment management needs.This paper systematically reviews the development history of regional air pollution prevention and control cooperation in China from the aspects of concept formation,practical exploration and mechanism improvement.Combined with the focus and mechanism innovation of joint prevention and control in key regions since the"Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan",this paper summarizes the improvement of air quality,the establishment of unified standard system and heavy pollution weather emergency system,the innovation of environmental supervision model,and major achievements in scientific and technological support.Based on the needs of regional atmospheric environment management in China in the future,countermeasures and suggestions for further improvement are put forward from the aspects of comprehensive management system,legislative guarantee,overall planning and information sharing.