中国生态保护修复20年:回顾与展望

20 Years of Ecological Protection and Restoration in China:Review and Prospect

近20年来,中国生态保护修复事业取得长足进步,为保障国家生态安全、推进美丽中国建设提供了重要基础支撑。国家通过实施一系列生态保护修复政策和重大工程,生态保护修复取得明显进展,生态产品供给能力保持总体稳定。本文回顾了近20年中国生态保护修复发展历程,分别从国土生态空间管控、生态系统保护修复、生物多样性保护、生态文明示范建设等重点领域总结了主要进展和成效。面向建设美丽中国以及实现碳达峰碳中和目标愿景,以维护国家和区域生态安全、恢复和提升生态系统服务功能、推动生态产品价值实现为着力点,对新时期中国生态保护修复提出未来展望。

In the past 20 years,China has made great progress in ecological protection and restoration,providing foundation support for ensuring national ecological security and promoting the construction of“Beautiful China”.Through formulating and implementing a series of ecological protection and restoration policies and major projects,China have achieved obvious progress in ecological protection and restoration,and the supply capacity of ecological products remains generally stable.This paper reviews the development of ecological protection and restoration in China in the past 20 years,and summarizes the main progress and achievements in key areas such as control of ecological space in the country,ecosystem protection and restoration,biodiversity protection,and demonstration construction of ecological civilization,respectively.On this basis,facing the goal and vision of“Beautiful China”and achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality,the paper puts forward the future outlook for ecological protection and restoration in China in the new era,with the focus on maintaining national and regional ecological security,restoring and enhancing ecosystem service functions,and promoting the realization of ecological product values.