集体心理所有权影响创业团队绩效的机制研究

A research on the mechanism of collective psychological ownership affecting the entrepreneurial team performance

"双创"背景下如何提高创业团队绩效与促进创业成功受到社会各界的普遍关注。文章基于群体心理学相关理论观点,运用SPSS21.0及MPLUS7.0对国内173家创业团队的样本数据进行分析,探讨了集体心理所有权与创业团队绩效之间的中介机制与边界条件。研究发现:创业团队中集体心理所有权对团队学习和创业团队绩效均具有正向影响;团队学习在集体心理所有权与创业团队绩效间具有部分中介作用;团队任务相互依赖在两者的中介机制中具有负向调节作用:团队任务相互依赖越高,集体心理所有权对团队学习与创业团队绩效的正向影响越弱,团队学习在集体心理所有权与创业团队绩效之间的中介作用越弱。本研究提供了从集体心理所有权与团队任务设计角度提高创业团队绩效的有效路径。

Under the background of"mass entrepreneurship and innovation",innovation and entrepreneurship have ushered in the era of golden development.More and more new ventures are established by entrepreneurial teams.However,although there are many entrepreneurial teams,most of them are short-lived,and there are very few real developments.Therefore,how to improve the performance of entrepreneurial team and promote the success of entrepreneurship has been widely concerned by all circles of society.Although there have been many studies on the factors affecting the entrepreneurial team performance from the perspective of team composition and team interaction process.However,on the one hand,there is a lack of attention to the integration dimension in the process of team interaction,and the integration dimension,that is,the extent to which the entrepreneurial team as a group exhibits mutual integration and team consistency in the process of cooperation,is considered to be the key factors affecting the performance of entrepreneurial teams.On the other hand,collective psychological ownership is an integrated dimension factor that plays an extremely easy role in the interaction of entrepreneurial team members.However,the existing research still lacks the discussion about the relationship between collective psychological ownership and the entrepreneurial team performance,and does not analyze the mechanism of action between them.Therefore,the article chooses to study the performance of entrepreneurial team from the perspective of collective psychological ownership with realistic possibilities and very important innovation.Specifically,based on the relevant theoretical perspectives of group psychology,combined with the characteristics of entrepreneurial teams,this paper explores the intermediary mechanism and boundary conditions of collective psychological ownership affecting the performance of entrepreneurial teams from the perspective of team learning and team task interdependence,and uses SPSS21.0 and MPLUS7.0 to analyze the sample data of 173 entrepreneurial teams in China.Firstly,through the correlation analysis and structural equation modeling analysis,the article finds that collective psychological ownership in the entrepreneurial team has a positive impact on team learning and entrepreneurial team performance,that is,the higher the collective psychological ownership,the stronger the team learning behavior and team performance in the entrepreneurial team.Secondly,the article uses the structural equation model to test the mediating effect and finds that team learning has a partial mediation between collective psychological ownership and entrepreneurial team performance,and the effect of collective psychological ownership on the performance of entrepreneurial teams is 61.330%that works through team learning.That is to say,in addition to the direct positive impact on the performance of the entrepreneurial team,collective psychological ownership can also exert an indirect positive impact on the performance of the entrepreneurial team through the intermediary role of team learning.Finally,the article uses the moderated mediation model level test method to analyze the adjustment effect of team task interdependence in the indirect mechanism of collective psychological ownership affecting the performance of entrepreneurial team and find that the team task interdependence has a significant negative regulation effect in the intermediary mechanism of collective psychological ownership and entrepreneurial team performance:the higher the degree of team tasks interdependence,the weaker the positive impact of collective psychological ownership on team learning and entrepreneurial team performance,the weaker the intermediary role of team learning between collective psychological ownership and entrepreneurial team performance.In theory,this paper reveals the transmission mechanism and boundary conditions of collective psychological ownership affecting the performance of entrepreneurial teams,and mainly has three contributions.Firstly,based on the characteristics of the entrepreneurial team that distinguishes it from the general corporate team,this article connects the collective psychological ownership with the entrepreneurial team performance for the first time from the integration dimension.It is found that when the entrepreneurial team members think that the target is collectively shared,it helps to improve team performance,which provides a new perspective for the antecedent study of entrepreneurial team performance.Secondly,this article uncovers the"process black box"that collective psychological ownership affects the performance of entrepreneurial teams,which has important constructive significance.Thirdly,based on the theory of social loafing,this paper clarifies the boundary conditions of collective psychological ownership affecting the performance of entrepreneurial teams,and enhances the contextual characteristics of the relationship between them.In addition to the theoretical contribution,the research results of this paper also have important implications for the management of the entrepreneurial team.Specifically,this study provides an effective path to improve the entrepreneurial team performance from the perspective of collective psychological ownership and team task design and believes that it is an effective measure to promote entrepreneurial success by enhancing the collective recognition and ownership of core members by the shared vision and reducing the situational factors that are not conducive to teamwork.First,entrepreneurial team leaders should consciously cultivate and improve members′collective psychological ownership,thereby promoting mutual learning among team members,improving the internal operations of entrepreneurial teams,improving members′knowledge and skills,and achieving team goals.For example,we can cultivate the collective recognition of team members for entrepreneurial teams,entrepreneurship,etc.by staged emphasizing on common entrepreneurial goals,solving the problems faced by the members together,enhancing mutual understanding among team members and members.Second,the entrepreneurial team should pay attention to the task design.On the one hand,when designing the division of tasks,the team leaders should try to avoid excessive interdependence among members.On the other hand,it is necessary to establish fair and effective system of measurement and assessment,which could let the entrepreneurial team members be able to clarify the team′s goals and what kind of rewards they can get in the process of fighting for the team′s goals,thus,establish the relationship between the individual input of the members and the output of the entrepreneurial team,reducing the negative impact of free-riding behavior caused by the interdependence of member tasks on team learning and team performance.