基于结构方程模型的电动出租汽车司机状态研究

The State Study of Electric Taxi Drivers Based on Structural Equation Model

电动汽车在中国发展迅速,以深圳市为例,大量的燃油出租汽车改换为电动出租汽车。通过文献综述研究和实地调研发现,随着出租汽车的动力形式改变,车型参数、监管形式、营运规律也发生改变,司机状态随之产生变化,包括驾驶体验、营运规律、收入变化、身心情况变化等。同时,过去的司机状态研究已经不足以全面了解现在的出租汽车司机情况,需对此进行修正和更新。本文以身体健康、心理健康和满意度、人口学信息、收入、营运规律6个潜变量及其观测变量建立结构方程模型,得出结论司机状态中的身心健康和满意度之间具有显著的正向影响关系,司机的人口学信息对其满意度有显著的正向影响关系。提升薪资可能不是最有效改进司机状态的办法,改善司机状态可以起到提升司机服务和改进乘客体验的作用。

Electric vehicles are developing rapidly in China.Taking Shenzhen as an example,a large number of fuel taxis have been converted to electric taxis.Through literature review and field research,it is found that as the power mode of taxis changes,vehicle model parameters,supervision forms,and operating rules also change,and drivers’experience changes accordingly,including driving experience,operating rules,income,physical and mental conditions and etc.At the same time,past taxi driver state studies could no longer fully support the current state of taxi drivers,and this needs to be corrected and updated.This paper uses three indicators of physical health,mental health and satisfaction,as well as its influencing factors including demographic information,income,operating state to build the structural equation model.The conclusion includes:The physical and mental health and satisfaction of drivers have a significant positive impact among each other.The driver’s demographic information have a significant positive impact on their satisfaction.Increasing salary may not be the most effective way to improve the performance of drivers.The improvement of the driver’s condition can further enhance the driver’s service and improve the passenger’s experience.