《备急千金要方》热痢病方药对溃疡性结肠炎的治疗启示

Analysis on Prescriptions and Drugs of Heat Dysentery for Ulcerative Colitis in Beiji Qianjin Yao Fang

目的运用统计学方法对《备急千金要方》热痢篇中的方药进行整理,分析、归纳孙思邈治疗热痢的用药规律。方法选取《备急千金要方》热痢篇中的方药,进行药物标准化,使用Excel、SPSS Modeler对药物的频次、功效、性味归经以及关联程度等进行统计分析。结果共纳入《备急千金要方》治疗热痢的方剂26首,涉及中药54味。在中药功效类别方面,清热药居首,所占比例为31.13%,其次为补虚药(23.18%)、温里药(10.60%)、收涩药(7.95%),药性、药味分别以寒、苦为主,黄连使用频率最高(10.59%),当归(5.96%)、阿胶(5.29%)、甘草(5.96%)。进一步通过关联分析发现,黄连与黄柏、阿胶、当归、赤石脂、甘草等联用频率较高。结论孙思邈治疗热痢病,主要以清热燥湿为主,尤其重用黄连、黄柏,同时兼顾正气,应用当归、阿胶补血止血,干姜、附子、艾叶等辅助阳气,龙骨、赤石脂等固涩止泻,体现了孙思邈清补兼施、寒温并用的学术思想。

Objective To study and analyze the prescriptions for heat dysentery in syndrome in Beiji Qianjin Yao Fang via statistical methods,conclude the medication characteristics of Sun Simiao in treating dysentery syndrome,and provide more valuable thoughts on prescriptions for dysentery syndrome in clinical treatment.Methods The prescriptions from the Chapter for heat dysentery in Beiji Qianjin Yao Fang were selected.The authors standardized the medicine,and statistically analyzed such features as frequency,efficacy,propertytaste meridian tropism and compatibility.Results In the Chapter of Heat Dysentery Syndrome in Beiji Qianjin Yao Fang,there were totally26 pieces of prescriptions,54 types of medication,the property of medicine mainly was cold;bitter taste,pungent taste and sweet taste were majorly found in five tastes.According to efficacy,the top four medicines with the highest frequency of use were heat-clearing medicine(31.13%),deficiency-tonifying medicine(23.18%),interior-warming medicine(10.60%),astringent medicine(7.95%).The high frequency medicines had 19 flavors,and the combination of drug pairs with high support and confidence was obtained by correlation analysis.Conclusion The medication characteristics of Sun Simiao in treating heat dysentery syndrome used both cold and warm efficacies,both clearing and tonifying,providing the basis for treatment of ulcerative colitis.