人脸识别的法律规制——以告知同意规则为视角

Legal Regulation of Face Recognition:From the Perspective of Informed Consent Rule

当今社会电子信息技术蓬勃发展,人脸识别技术所衍生出的面部数据泄露问题愈发值得重视。告知同意规则作为个人信息保护领域的一项传统制度,时至今日仍有重大意义,我国《民法典》和《个人信息保护法(草案)》中均有涉及,但仍存在面部数据主体处于劣势地位、同意趋于形式化、多样的网络交互行为削弱同意的有效性等问题。因此,通过比较、借鉴欧盟和德国关于告知同意规则的制度设计,拟从完善同意的主体、限缩处理信息的合法性基础、明确告知同意的形式和精炼同意的内容四个方面对我国告知同意规则的进一步细化提出建议。

With the rapid development of electronic information technology in today's society,the problem of facial data leakage derived from face recognition technology is becoming more and more serious.Informed consent rule,as a tradition in the field of personal information protection system,today still has great significance.This rule is involved in The Civil Code of China and The personal information protection law(draft).However,some problems are still in existence to be dealt with:the data subject's disadvantageous position,formalized data agreement,and the weakening of effectiveness by diverse network interaction behavior.Therefore,by comparing and referring to the European Union and Germany's system design of consent rules,this paper proposes to further refine China's consent rules from four aspects:perfecting the subject of consent,limiting the legal basis of processing information,clarifying the form of consent and refining the content of consent.