综合干预对中学生颈椎健康的应用效果评价

Evaluation of the effect of comprehensive intervention on cervical health of middle school students

目的了解中学生颈椎健康现况,评价综合干预措施对促进中学生颈椎健康的应用效果。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取重庆市4所中学1160名在校学生进行问卷调查,其中重点中学2所,普通中学2所,含12个高中班级,8个初中班级。按目标抽样法,选择初一某班56名学生作为干预对象,开展为期3个月的颈椎健康知识科普活动、颈椎保健操等综合干预措施,比较干预前、后学生颈椎病知识测试得分及颈痛情况。结果被调查的1160名学生中,颈肩痛患病率初中组62.46%,高中组77.12%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女生组74.87%,男生组65.27%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。56名学生颈椎病知识测试得分从干预前(75.61±21.15)分提高至干预后(93.41±13.34)分,干预前、后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),颈肩痛人数从干预前36名下降至干预后29名,干预前、后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论通过开展颈椎保健操等综合干预措施,可缓解中学生颈肩不适症状,提高中学生颈椎健康知识水平,值得进一步推广应用。

Objective To understand the current status of cervical health of middle school students and evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention on the health of middle school students′cervical health.Methods A total of 1160 students from 4 middle schools in Chongqing were selected by stratified cluster sampling for questionnaire research,including 2 key middle schools and 2 ordinary middle schools,which combined with 12 classes of senior middle schools and 8 classes of junior middle schools.A total of 56 students from a certain class of Grade One of a junior middle school were selected as the intervention objects to carry out comprehensive intervention measures such as cervical health knowledge popularization activities and cervical health exercises for 3 months.The scores of cervical spondylosis knowledge and the times of neck pain of students were compared before and after the intervention.Results Among the 1160 students,the prevalence of neck and shoulder pains was 62.46%in the junior middle school group and 77.12%in the senior middle school group(P<0.05);The prevalence of neck and shoulder pain was 74.87%in the female group and 65.27%in the male group(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the score of knowledge of cervical spondylosis in 56 students increased from(75.61±21.15)points to(93.41±13.34)points(P<0.05);The number of students with neck pain decreased from 36 to 29,the difference were not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive intervention measures such as cervical health exercises can alleviate the symptoms of neck and shoulder discomfort in middle school students and improve their knowledge of cervical health,which is worthy of further popularization and application.