Kupffer细胞亚群在肝脏热缺血过程中的作用的研究进展

Research progress on the role of Kupffer cell subsets in the process of hepatic warm ischemia injury

在肝脏疾病的诊治过程中,热缺血是肝移植术、部分肝切除术以及重度休克等无法避免的,这一病理损伤也是肝胆外科术后并发症发生的主要原因。如何减轻热缺血过程对肝组织造成的损伤,提高患者的预后,一直以来都是极其重要的研究方向。枯否细胞(KCs)作为肝脏常驻巨噬细胞,在缺血再灌注损伤过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。有趣的是,目前的研究发现KCs存在两种亚群,一种为卵黄囊来源的KCs,该细胞可维持正常肝脏的稳态,发生损伤时启动免疫炎性反应;另外一种为骨髓单核细胞衍生而来的KCs,面对肝损伤该细胞或可促进炎性反应,或可改变表型发挥抗炎作用。故现就KCs各亚群在肝脏热缺血时所发挥的作用进行综述。

In the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases,warm ischemic injury is unavoidable in liver transplantation,partial hepatectomy,severe shock and so on.This pathological damage is also the main cause of complications after hepatobiliary surgery.How to reduce the damage for liver tissue caused by warm ischemia and improve the prognosis of patients has always been an extremely important clinical research direction.Kupffer cells(KCs),as resident macrophages in the liver,play a vital role in the process of ischemia-reperfusion injury.Interestingly,the current study found that there are two subgroups of KCs,one is derived from the yolk sac,which can maintain the homeostasis of the normal liver and initiate immune inflammatory response when the normal liver is injured;and the other is derived from bone marrow monocytes,which may promote inflammation when the liver is injured,or may change the phenotype to exert anti-inflammatory effects.Therefore,this article reviewed the role of each subgroup of Kupffer cells in hepatic warm ischemic injury.