德国“印太战略”的战略考量、特点及影响

The German“Indo-Pacific Strategy”:Strategic Considerations,Characteristics and Impacts

2020年9月,德国发布其"印太战略"的里程碑性文件——《德国-欧洲-亚洲:共同塑造21世纪》,明确提出"印度洋-太平洋地区是德国外交政策的优先议程"。在实践中,德国"印太战略"呈现"印太"概念建构的开放性、利益诉求的综合性、行动路径的多边性和政策倡议的实心化等特点,暗含德国为应对印太地区地缘政治和经济新态势、一定程度迎合美国战略需求、维护自身战略利益和引导制定欧盟"印太战略"的重要考量。德国"印太战略"虽然反对被迫在中美之间选边站队,但其对华政策的"经济安全顾虑"和"文明力量"因素有所提升。中国应该警惕德国在"后默克尔时代"推进"印太战略"过程中可能呈现的对华制衡因素,未雨绸缪,推动中德双边关系平稳发展。

In September 2020,Germany issued a landmark document on its"Indo-Pacific strategy"----Germany-Europe-Asia:Jointly Shape the 21st Century,which explicitly states"the Indo-Pacific region is a priority for German foreign policy".Germany’s"Indo-Pacific strategy"is characterized by the conceptual openness of the"Indo-Pacific",the comprehensiveness of interest appeals,the multilateralism of action approach and the solidness of policy initiatives,which implicitly manifests Germany’s important considerations to face up the new geopolitical and economic situation in the Indo-Pacific,meet the strategic needs of the U.S.to a certain extent,safeguard its own strategic interests and lead the formulation of an EU"Indo-Pacific strategy".Although Germany’s"IndoPacific strategy"is opposed to being forced to take sides between China and the U.S.,its China policy is enhanced by concerns of"economic security"and"civilization power".