“一带一路”向西开放促进我国东西部经济协调发展研究

How do the Westward Opening of B&R Promote the Coordinated Development of Western and Eastern China

“一带一路”向西开放是中国经济“西进”战略的重要体现,也是促进东西部协调发展的重要内容。基于向西开放的经济地理意涵,构建一个初始禀赋不对称的两国三地区LS模型,从贸易和产业经济地理的视角研究向西开放促进东西部经济协调发展的理论机制,并进行实证检验。研究发现:“一带一路”向西开放通过西部地区与沿线国家交通基础设施联通,降低运输成本、扩大贸易规模,改变贸易和产业经济地理,从而缩小东西部经济差距,但其效果取决于东、西部的生产资本分布,因此向西开放必须配合以向西转移的产业政策,以及西部比东部更大力度的贸易开放政策;向西开放过程中西部地区自身交通基础设施的完善也降低了国内区际商品和要素流动成本,改变投资格局,影响东西部经济差距;现阶段,这两种作用均表现为促进我国区域协调发展,且贸易规模和生产资本分布作为经济地理重塑的机理变量的预期得到证实。

Westward opening of B&R("the Belt and Road")embodies Chinese economy "going west" strategy, and is an important part of promoting the coordinated development of west-east regions.We construct an endowment-asymmetrical LS model based on the economic geography implications of Westward opening and analyze the theoretical mechanism from the perspective of trade and industrial economic geography and test them.Results shows: Westward opening of B&R reduces transportation costs, expands the scale of the trade and changes trade and industrial economic geography through the connectivity of the transportation infrastructure between the western region and countries along the route, which shrinks the economic gap between the East and West.However, this effect depends on the capital distribution between western and eastern regions.Therefore, there should be policies that promotes westward industrial transferring as well as preferential policies that enhance trade freedom in the western regions.In the process of opening to the West, the improvement infrastructure also reduces the cost of domestic inter-regional commodity and factor flow, changes the investment location and affects the west-east economic gap.And, the expectation that trade scale and production capital distribution are the mechanism variables is confirmed.