邿子姜首盘及其相关问题

Investigation on “Shizi Jiangshou” Pan and Relevant Issues

长清仙人台五号墓出土的邿子姜首盘是邿子姜首以她和丈夫邿公典的名义铸造的铜器,不是媵器。邿子姜首是女子称谓,邿是夫国名,子是一种身份的体现,姜是姓,首为名,从铭文特征及墓葬习俗看姜首应是齐女。夫妻共同作器而女子在前,在金文中十分罕见。这很可能与《左传》记载的邿国内乱历史有关。铸器时,邿公典可能不在长清邿国,此后也未能返回。从仙人台墓地也可以看到,邿子姜首单独葬在邿国公墓,未能与邿公典合葬。邿子姜首或许是邿国成为齐国附庸后的实际主政者。

The "Shizi Jiangshou" pan(bronze water container) unearthed from tomb No. 5 of Xianrentai in Changqing was cast by Shizi Jiangshou in her and her husband’s names, and was not served as a dowry. Shizi Jiangshou is a combination of female name and title. In view of the characteristics of inscriptions and burial customs, Jiangshou should be the name of a female from the Qi State. It was uncommon that the names of husband and wife appeared in the same bronze and female name preceded. The reason could probably be found in the history of the domestic unrest of the Shi State recorded in the Commentary of Zuo on the Spring and Autumn Annals. At the time of casting, Shi Gongdian was probably not in Changqing of the Shi State, and was never able to come back since then. The fact that Shizi Jiangshou was buried alone, rather than together with Shi Gongdian, further proves thay Shizi Jiangshou might be the actual ruler of the Shi State after it became a vassal of the Qi State.