探讨经空肠造瘘管与经鼻肠管肠内营养支持护理对食管癌患者术后恢复和营养状况的影响

Effect of enteral nutrition support nursing through jejunostomy tube and nasointestinal tube on postoperative recovery and nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer

目的观察不同营养方案的应用对食管癌患者术后恢复和营养状况的影响。方法选取2019年6月至2020年6月山东大学齐鲁医院收治的86例食管癌患者,根据随机抽签法分为对照组(43例,经鼻肠管营养支持)和观察组(43例,经空肠造瘘管营养支持)。比较两组患者术后恢复情况和营养状况。结果观察组的排气时间、置营养管时间和住院时间均显著优于对照组(P值均<0.05)。观察组的并发症发生率为11.63%,低于对照组的30.23%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组的健康调查量表36(SF-36)评分均显著提高(P值均<0.05),且观察组均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。护理后,两组的血清白蛋白和总蛋白水平均显著上升(P值均<0.05),且观察组均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。结论在食管癌患者术后护理中,应用经空肠造瘘管的营养支持护理,可促进患者术后恢复,改善患者机体营养状态。

Objective To observe the effect of different nutritional protocols on postoperative recovery and nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer.Methods 86 patients with esophageal cancer who were admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from June 2019 to June2020 were selected and randomly divided into a control group(43 cases,nutrition support through nasointestinal tube)and an observation group(43 cases,nutrition support through jejunostomy tube)by drawing lots.The postoperative recovery and nutritional status of the two groups were compared.Results The exhaust time,duration of eternal nutrition and length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was 11.63%,which was lower than 30.23%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36)of the two groups were significantly improved(all P<0.05),and the scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(all P<0.05).After nursing,the levels of serum albumin and total serum protein in the two groups were significantly increased(all P<0.05),and the levels of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(both P<0.05).Conclusion In the postoperative nursing of patients with esophageal cancer,the application of nutrition support nursing through jejunostomy tube can promote the postoperative recovery and improve the nutritional status of patients.