基于行为分阶段转变理念的护理干预对血液透析患者液体摄入依从性的影响

Effect of nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model and stages of change on fluid intake compliance of hemodialysis patients

目的探讨基于行为分阶段转变理念的护理干预对行血液透析患者液体摄入依从性的影响。方法选取2019年6月至2020年2月于南通大学第二附属医院行血液透析的86例患者为研究对象,随机分入观察组(n=43)和对照组(n=43)。对照组患者采用常规护理干预,观察组患者在常规护理基础上采用基于行为分阶段转变理念护理干预。比较两组的液体摄入依从性、手卫生情况和干体质量水平。结果观察组的严格限制每天摄水量、透析日严控饮水量、用刻度杯饮水和每天计算饮水量评分均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。观察组的手卫生执行率和洗手正确次数均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。干预后,观察组的干体质量水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对血液透析患者实施基于行为分阶段转变理念的护理干预,可提高其液体摄入依从性,改善手卫生情况,降低干体质量水平。

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model and stages of change on fluid intake compliance of hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of86 patients who underwent hemodialysis at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from June 2019 to February 2020 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group(n=43)and a control group(n=43).The control group was given routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model and stages of change on the basis of routine nursing.The compliance of fluid intake,hand hygiene and level of dry body mass were compared between the two groups.Results Both groups strictly restricted the daily water intake,strictly controlled the water consumption on dialysis days,used a graduated cup to drink water,and calculated the water consumption each day.The scores of above behaviors of the observation were significantly higher than those of the control group(all P<0.05).The implementation rate of hand hygiene and the frequency of correct hand washing in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(both P<0.05).After the intervention,the level of dry body mass of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model and stages of change can improve fluid intake compliance of hemodialysis patients,improve hand hygiene and reduce dry body mass.