集束化护理在人工髋关节置换术后预防下肢深静脉血栓形成的应用效果

Application effect of cluster nursing on the prevention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty

目的探讨集束化护理在人工髋关节置换术后预防下肢深静脉血栓形成的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月至2019年12月于南京医科大学附属无锡第二医院行人工髋关节置换术的86例患者,将其按入院时间分为观察组(n=43)和对照组(n=43)。对照组患者给予基础护理,观察组患者在基础护理的基础上给予集束化护理。比较两组患者的围手术期情况、髋关节优良率、下肢深静脉血栓形成发生率和下肢静脉血流速度水平变化。结果观察组的疼痛持续时间和住院时间均显著短于对照组(P值均<0.05)。观察组的髋关节优良率为90.70%(39/43),高于对照组的74.42%(32/43),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的下肢深静脉血栓形成发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2周和4周,两组的下肢静脉血流速度均显著快于同组术前(P值均<0.05),且观察组的血流速度显著快于对照组(P<0.05)。结论人工髋关节置换术后应用集束化护理可改善患者疼痛和髋关节功能,调节下肢静脉血流速度,降低下肢深静脉血栓发生率。

Objective To explore the application effect of cluster nursing on the prevention of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty.Methods A total of 86 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty at Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected and divided into an observation group(n=43)and a control group(n=43)according to the time of admission.The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given cluster nursing on the basis of routine nursing.The perioperative situation,excellent and good rate of hip joint,incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,and the changes of venous blood flow velocity of lower extremities were compared between the two groups.Results The duration of pain and length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(both P<0.05).The excellent and good rate of hip joint in the observation group was 90.70%(39/43),which was higher than 74.42%(32/43)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).At 2 weeks and 4 weeks after operation,the venous blood flow velocity of the lower extremities of the two groups was significantly higher than that before the operation(both P<0.05),and the blood flow velocity of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of cluster nursing after total hip arthroplasty can reduce the pain,improve the hip joint function,regulate the venous blood flow velocity of the lower extremities,and reduce the incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.