摇枕和侧架铸钢件夹砂及粘砂缺陷控制措施

Control Measures for Scab and Burning-On Defects of Bolster and Side Frame Steel Castings

摇枕和侧架是轨道货车走行部件的重要组成部分,其成形质量的优劣与铸造工艺密切相关。粘土湿型砂铸造是摇枕和侧架常见成形方法之一,但在工艺实施过程中易产生夹砂、粘砂等铸造缺陷,降低了摇枕和侧架铸件质量。通过对夹砂和粘砂的缺陷形成原因进行分析,采取了改进湿型砂配比、提高砂型紧实度和增加回用砂粒度等型砂性能指标检测控制等措施。生产实践表明,所采取的改进措施是有效的,所生产摇枕和侧架铸件的夹砂和粘砂铸造缺陷产生比例降低,产品质量提高。

Bolster and side frame castings are important parts of the railway freight running parts.Their forming quality is closely related to the casting process.Green sand casting is one of the common forming methods of for the bolster and side frame castings,but it is easy to produce scab and burning-on defects on the castings in the casting process,which reduces the casting quality of the bolsters and side frames.Through the research on the causes of these defects,the measures including changing the mixing ratio of green sand,improving the compactibility of sand molds,and increasing the detection and control of molding sand performance indexes such as the grain size of the recycled sand are taken.The production practice shows that the improvement measures are effective,the proportion of scab and burning-on-defects-is reduced,and the product quality of the bolster and side frame castings is improved.