城乡居民基本医疗保险对儿童健康的影响——基于中国家庭追踪调查数据的实证研究

Effect of Basic Medical Insurance for Urban and Rural Residents on the Health of Children--An Empirical Study Based on China Family Panel Studies

儿童健康关系到未来的劳动力水平和人口素质,是潜在人力资本的集中体现。本文使用中国家庭追踪调查2018年的数据,实证研究了城乡居民基本医疗保险对儿童健康的影响。结果表明:参加城乡居民基本医疗保险能够显著促进儿童健康。中介效应结果显示,参加城乡居民基本医疗保险能够通过增加儿童个体医疗卫生支出提升儿童的健康水平。异质性分析表明,参加城乡居民基本医疗保险对东部地区、农村户籍、达到学龄、低收入家庭及与父母同住的儿童有更明显的健康促进作用。基于此,本文提出在基本医疗保险制度建设中充分考虑儿童特性、科学划定儿童基本医疗保险偿付范围、提高基本医疗保险的公平性等对策建议。

The health of children is potential human capital,which is related to the future labor force level and population quality.Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies in 2018,this article empirically analyzes the impact of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents on the health of children.The result of research shows that participation in basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents can promote the health of children significantly.The mediating effect test result shows that participation in insurance can promote the health of children by increasing the level of children's medical expenditure.The heterogeneity test result shows that participation in insurance has a more obvious positive role in promoting the health of children living in the eastern region or in low-income family,rural children,school-age children,and children ordinarily living with their parents.Therefore,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions,such as paying more attention to the characteristics of children in the construction of basic medical insurance system,scientifically defining the reimbursement scope of children's basic medical insurance,and improving the fairness of basic medical insurance.