小学数学教科书中“学会学习”内容的定量分析--以北师大版小学数学教科书为例

A Quantitative Analysis on the Content of“Learning to Learn”in Primary Mathematics Textbooks--Taking the Textbooks Published by Beijing Normal University Press as an Example

"学会学习"是人在社会中的必需素养。渗透"学会学习"素养是义务教育阶段所有课程应该并且能够承担的关键职责。基于"学会学习"素养的内涵规定,尝试设计分析框架与指标体系,定量分析北师大版小学数学教科书中"学会学习"的内容。研究发现:在最新修订的北师大版小学数学教科书中,"学会学习"内容的呈现效果良好,已超越情感指导而侧重认知与元认知指导;但"学会学习"内容的整体设计略显随意,具体表现为整体分布过于集中、年级分布高度一致、数学各领域分布差异显著。缺乏科学规划与理性设计,是核心素养物化为教科书内容的普遍症结所在。"学会学习"素养在教科书中的渗透,应超越教科书的内在诉求,基于素养内涵"刻意"设计,权衡学年段的阶段性和内容领域的异质性,逐步而全面地落实"乐学""善学""会学",使"学会学习"可持续发展。

"Learning to learn" is a kind of necessary competence in the society.It is the key responsibility for all courses in compulsory education stage to cultivating"learning to learn".Based on the connotation provisions of"learning to learn"competence,this study try to design the analysis framework and index system,and quantitatively analyze the content of"learning to learn"in the mathematics textbooks that published by Beijing Normal University Press.The study finds that in the latest revised primary mathematic textbook that published by Beijing Normal University Press,the"learning to learn"has been presented in favorable effect.It is commendable that it has gone beyond emotion guidance to focus on cognition and meta-cognition guidance.But the overall design of the content of"learning to learn"is quite arbitrary,which is manifested in three aspects:the overall distribution is too centralized,the distribution in grades is highly consistent,and the distribution in content areas is significantly different.In fact,lack of scientific planning and rational design is the core problem to transform core competence into textbook contents in China.It is suggested that the presentation of"learning to learn"in the mathematics textbook should go beyond the inherent demands of the textbook,deliberately design based on the competence to balancing the academic year and content field,gradually and comprehensively implement the"Willing to learn,Ability to learn,learning to learn",so as to realize the sustainable development of"learning to learn".