休闲个体的分类及其收益研究--以马拉松跑者为例

Classification and Benefits of Leisure Participants:Taking Marathon Runners as an Example

在我国马拉松运动"井喷式"发展的背景下,从深度休闲的视角,对579名马拉松休闲跑者进行问卷调查,旨在考察马拉松深度跑者是否存在不同的类别,以及不同类别跑者的休闲收益是否存在显著差异。研究结果显示:1)马拉松跑者呈现出较高均值水平的深度休闲特质。2)根据坚持不懈、显著的个人努力、生涯性、强烈的认同感和独特的文化等5个深度休闲特质,采用聚类分析法,将马拉松跑者区分为一般跑者、中等跑者和核心跑者3个类别。3)3类跑者在9种休闲收益上均存在显著差异,总体上表现为核心跑者高于中等跑者,中等跑者高于一般跑者。研究结果丰富了国内休闲体育领域的研究内容,有利于理解当下马拉松跑者的休闲体育行为,并为有关政府部门或组织机构提供经验参考。未来应进一步考察马拉松跑者深度休闲特质与健康和幸福感等变量之间的关系。

Under the background of the"blowout"development of marathon in China,from the perspective of serious leisure,this paper makes a questionnaire survey on 579 marathon leisure runners to investigate whether there are different categories of marathon serious runners and whether there are significant differences in leisure benefits of different categories of runners.The results show that:1)Marathon runners show a higher level of serious leisure characteristics;2)According to the five serious leisure characteristics of perseverance,significant personal effort,career,strong sense of identity and unique culture,using cluster analysis method,marathon runners can be divided into three categories:general runners,medium runners and core runners;3)There are significant differences in nine leisure benefits among the three types of runners.On the whole,the benefits of core runners are higher than that of the medium runners,and the benefits of medium runners are higher than that of the general runners.The results enrich the research contents in the field of domestic leisure sports,help to understand the leisure sports behavior of current marathon runners,and provide experience reference for relevant government departments or organizations.In the future,we should further investigate the relationship between marathon runners’serious leisure characteristics and variables such as health and well-being.