产后抑郁与童年创伤及其类型的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation between Postpartum Depression and Childhood Trauma

目的研究童年创伤及其类型对产后抑郁的影响。方法采用回顾性病例-对照研究,共收集84例产后抑郁患者和90例产后健康对照组妇女;采用一般资料问卷、童年期创伤经历问卷简化版(CTQ-SF)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)分别评定两组被试的童年创伤事件及抑郁水平。结果①抑郁组产妇CTQ-SF总分(t=14.13,P<0.01)及所有因子分情感虐待(t=6.05,P<0.01)、躯体虐待(t=9.14,P<0.01)、性虐待(t=9.85,P<0.01)、情感忽视(t=11.35,P<0.01)和躯体忽视(t=14.88,P<0.01)均高于对照组;②多元回归分析显示,性虐待、情感忽视和躯体忽视三个因子对产后抑郁具有显著预测作用。结论童年创伤经历是女性产后抑郁的重要影响因素,童年经历过性虐待、情感忽视和躯体忽视的女性,产后可能更易出现抑郁症状。社会、学校、家庭应着力营造良好的青少年成长氛围,预防成年后抑郁的发生;同时,对于存在童年创伤经历的产后女性应给予更多的理解和关注,共同助力预防和干预产后抑郁的发生和不良结局。

Objective To study the types and effects of childhood trauma on postpartum depression in women.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect 84 postpartum depression patients and 90 postpartum healthy women as controls.The general information questionnaire,the childhood trauma experience questionnaire(CTQ-SF)and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS)were used to assess the trauma events and depression in both groups.Results The total score of CTQ-SF(t=14.13,P<0.01)and all factors of postpartum depression patients[emotional abuse(t=6.05,P<0.01),physical abuse(t=9.14,P<0.01),emotional neglect(t=11.85,P<0.01),and physical neglect(t=14.88,P<0.01)]were higher in patients than those in the controls.Multiple regression analysis showed that sexual abuse,emotion neglect and physical neglect were three factors entered the variances,and they had a significant predictive effect on postpartum depression.Conclusion Childhood traumatic experie-nce is an important risk factor in women with postpartum depression.Women who have experienced physical abuse,sexual abuse and physical neglect in childhood may be more likely to develop postpartum depressive symptoms.