青岛市儿童青少年血尿酸分布特征及其危险因素关系研究

Study on the Distribution Characteristics of Blood Uric Acid and Its Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents in Qingdao

目的调查青岛市儿童青少年血尿酸(SUA)分布特征并分析其相关危险因素,为高尿酸血症(HUA)相关疾病的预防、诊断、治疗、饮食干预等提供科学依据。方法以2016年1月—2018年12月在青岛市某疗养中心治疗的1658例7~15岁儿童青少年为研究对象;测量项目包括体质量、身高和体质量指数(BMI);采集静脉血液标本用于SUA、血糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)等指标检测,并分别采用线性相关分析和多因素Logistic回归模型分析SUA和HUA的影响因素。结果不同性别SUA水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄SUA水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HUA男、女检出率分别为14.40%(142/986)、9.82%(66/672),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男、女不同年龄的HUA检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但不同年龄间HUA检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相关分析结果显示,SUA水平与OX-LDL相关(男性r=0.810,P<0.05;女性r=0.432,P<0.05);男性SUA水平与身高和BMI呈负相关(r=-0.118,P<0.05),女性SUA水平与BMI呈正相关(r=0.360,P<0.05);男性和女性SUA水平与年龄、收缩压/舒张压、GLU、TC、TG等指标均未发现统计学关联(均P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,OX-LDL(男性OR=1.974;女性OR=1.362)可能是引起HUA的危险因素;另外,影响男性SUA水平升高的危险因素还包括年龄(OR=1.820)、GLU(OR=1.467)和TG(OR=1.492),女性SUA水平升高则还可能受BMI(OR=2.022)和TC(OR=1.455)影响。结论青岛市儿童青少年中男性SUA水平和HUA检出率均显著高于女性;但不同年龄间SUA水平和HUA检出率差异无统计学意义。BMI和OX-LDL是当地区儿童青少年SUA水平的影响因素,OX-LDL是当地区儿童青少年高尿素血症的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of blood uric acid(SUA)in children and adolescents in Qingdao and analyze its related risk factors,so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention,diagnosis,treatment,and dietary intervention of hyperuricemia(HUA)related diseases.Methods From January 2016 to December 2018,1658 children and adolescents aged 7 to 15 who were treated in a nursing center in Qingdao City were randomly collected as research subjects.Measurement items included weight,height and body mass index(BMI).Venous blood samples were collected for the detection of indicators such as SUA,blood sugar(GLU),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),and low-density lipoprotein(OX-LDL).Linear correlation analysis and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of SUA and HUA.Results There were statistically significant differences in the levels of SUA in different genders(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the level of SUA at different ages(P>0.05).The detection rates of HUA were 14.40%(142/986)and 9.82%(66/672)in boys and girls respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of HUA between boyss and girls at different ages(P<0.05).However,there was no statistical difference in the detection rate of HUA among different ages(P>0.05).Correlation analysis results showed that SUA level was correlated with OX-LDL(boys:r=0.810,P<0.05;girls:r=0.432,P<0.05).SUA level of boys was negatively correlated with height and BMI(r=-0.118,P<0.05),while SUA level of girls was positively correlated with BMI(r=0.360,P<0.05).There was no statistical correlation between SUA levels of boys and girls and age,systolic/diastolic blood pressure,GLU,TC,TG and other indicators(all P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that OX-LDL(boys OR=1.974;girls OR=1.362)may be a risk factor for HUA.In addition,the risk factors that affect the increase of SUA levels of boys included age(OR=1.820),GLU(OR=1.467)and TG(OR=1.492).Increased levels of SUA in girls may also be affected by BMI(OR=2.022)and TC(OR=1.455).Conclusion The level of SUA and the detection rate of HUA in boys in Qingdao are significantly higher than those in girls.However,there was no statistical difference in SUA level and HUA detection rate among different age groups.BMI and OX-LDL are the influencing factors of the SUA level of children and adolescents in this area.OX-LDL is a risk factor for hyperureaemia in children and adolescents in this area.