胎儿生长受限的超声诊断进展

The Progress of Ultrasound Diagnosis of Fetal Growth Restriction

胎儿生长受限(fetal growth restriction,FGR)是引起现代围生儿死亡、体弱的主要病因,不仅影响胎儿在母体内的发育,如果没有进行及时的干预治疗,也会直接影响胎儿的预后。简便、安全、无辐射的优点促进超声应用于妊娠期胎儿的检测,随着超声技术的发展,可以从结构到功能多方面评估胎儿的发育。综述超声下测量胎儿径线、血流动力学参数、胎盘体积、胸腺体积、小脑横径、脑胎盘比和肾上腺体积等对FGR的超声诊断,为临床诊疗提供可靠依据。

Fetal growth restriction(FGR)is the main cause of death and frailty of modern perinatal infants.It not only affects the development of the fetus in the mother′s body,but also directly affects the prognosis of the fetus without timely intervention.The advantages of simplicity,safety,and non-radiation promote the application of ultrasound to the detection of fetuses during pregnancy.With the development of ultrasound technology,the development of the fetus can be evaluated in many aspects from structure to function.This article reviews the progress of ultrasound diagnosis of FGR from the aspects of measuring fetal diameter,hemodynamic parameters,placental volume,thymus volume,cerebellar transverse diameter,brain-placental ratio and adrenal volume under ultrasound,and provides a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.