澳大利亚的能力本位教育与中国学徒制教学探究

Research on Australian Vocational Education and Chinese Apprenticeship Teaching Based on Competence

澳大利亚职业教育与培训体系是澳大利亚职业教育的一个特色。该体系实施全国统一的培训包、培训框架、资格证书框架、课程开发和教学资料,始终坚持培养学生的职业能力,优化课程设置,提高教师素养,建立开放的培训体制。同时,该体系还以企业和市场为导向,培养适应经济和社会发展的综合型应用人才。中国学徒制在深入推进改革创新背景下,努力优化结构与布局,大力培养技术技能人才,在完善职业技术教育国家标准的前提下,推行"学历证书+职业技能等级证书"制度。该学徒制旨在增强职业技术教育适应性,突出职业技术(技工)教育类型特色。

Australian vocational education and training system is of great uniqueness in Australia’s vocational education.It has implemented a national training packages,training framework,qualifications framework,curriculum development and teaching materials,sticks to the philosophy of cultivating students’vocational abilities,optimize curriculum arrangement,enhance teacher’s qualities,establish an open training system and nurture comprehensive application-oriented talents catering for the economic and social development based upon enterprise and market.Under the background of in-depth reform and innovation,the Chinese apprenticeship system strives to optimize the structure and layout,vigorously cultivate talents with technical knowledge and skills,and carry out the system of“academic certificate+vocational skill grade certificate”on the premise of perfecting the national standard of vocational and technical education.The purpose of the apprenticeship system is to enhance the adaptability of vocational and technical education and highlight the characteristics of vocational and technical(skilled)education.