论财经科学中价值的基本属性

On the Fundmental Attributes of Value in Science of Finance and Economics

"价值"概念在财经学科中非常重要,却有颇多含混。本文对此进行系统的分析,得到一些清晰的论断:使用价值的主观意义才是"效用价值","效用价值"延迟到未来并与那时的稀少性状态相结合才是"稀少性价值";经济品形成过程中的耗费是其"成本价值",进入消费领域,经消费者主观评价才形成"效用价值",交易价值在这二者之间经交易中的合作博弈过程而达成。价值的这些不同涵义还进一步体现在客观性或主观性的差别上,而且在经济品的利用过程中动态地演变。

The conception of Value is very important in branches of Science of Finance and Economics, but with some ambiguous meanings. After systematic analysis in this paper, some issues was put forward as follows. The Value of Utility is the subjective meaning of Value of Usage, while the Value of Utility delayed to sometime in future with the state of scarcity of corresponding economic goods could be defined as Value of Scarcity. In another dimension, the consumption during the process of production of special economic goods could be defined as Value of Cost, and the Value of Utility comes into being when the economic goods is consumed and valuated by consumers. After the process of cooperative game during transactions, the Value in Transaction will be reached between the Value of Cost and the Value of Utility of special economic goods. The difference of these conceptions of value is further embodied in the characters of objectivity or subjectivity, which are in dynamic evolution when the corresponding economic goods is utilized.