2014~2020年山东省大型综合医院蜚蠊侵害率调查

Survey on cockroach infestation rate in large general hospitals,Shandong province,2014-2020

目的了解2014~2020年山东省大型综合医院蜚蠊种类、密度、侵害率和季节消长规律,为有效防制蜚蠊提供科学依据。方法根据监测方案要求,在省级蜚蠊监测点的辖区内选择1所大型综合医院的病房,采用粘捕法捕捉蜚蠊,用SPSS 22.0软件和R3.6.2进行统计学分析。结果2014~2020年共粘捕蜚蠊4577只,分别为德国小蠊、美洲大蠊、黑胸大蠊、日本大蠊。蜚蠊总密度为0.43只/张,其中2014年蜚蠊密度最高,为0.78只/张;2019年蜚蠊密度最低,为0.12只/张;总侵害率为6.17%,其中2014年蜚蠊侵害率最高,为13.07%。一年中3和7月季侵害率较高。各监测点中,菏泽市和德州市的侵害率较高(P<0.01)。结论山东省大型综合医院以德国小蠊为优势种类,蜚蠊密度和侵害率呈逐年下降趋势,部分城市医院蜚蠊侵害率较高。

Objective To understand the cockroach species,density,infestation rate,and seasonal fluctuations in large general hospitals in Shandong province during 2014-2020,so as to provide scientific basis for effective control of cockroaches.Methods According to the requirements of the monitoring program,select the ward of a large general hospital in the jurisdiction of the provincial cockroach monitoring point.The cockroaches were captured by sticky trap.SPSS 22.0 and R3.6.2 was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 4577 cockroaches were caught in 2014-2020,including Blattella germanica,Periplaneta americana,Periplaneta fuliginosa and Periplaneta japanica.The total density of cockroaches was 0.43 per sheet,of which the highest density of cockroaches was 0.78 per sheet in 2014;the lowest density of cockroaches in 2019 was 0.12 per sheet;the total infestation rate was 6.17%,of which the highest infestation rate in 2014 was 13.07%.The highest infestation rate in the year is March and July.Among the monitoring points,the infringement rates were higher in Heze city and Dezhou city(P<0.01).Conclusion Large-scale general hospitals in Shandong province take Blattell germanica as their dominant species.The density and infestation rate of cockroaches are decreasing year by year.The cockroach infestation rate of hospitals in some cities is higher than the others.