2018年山东某电厂噪声作业工人听力损伤及风险评估

Hearing impairment and risk assessment of noise workers in a power plant,Shandong province,2018

目的探讨某电厂噪声作业人员听力损伤影响因素和风险评估,提高用人单位听力保护工作水平和效果。方法2018年对山东某大型发电企业262名噪声接触人员进行纯音听阈测试检查,并测量个体8 h噪声接触剂量;采用χ2检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析听力损伤的影响因素;采用国际采矿与金属委员(ICMM)的职业健康风险定量法评估模型进行听力损伤风险评估。结果调查262人,个体噪声接触剂量超标率为6.67%;噪声作业人员听力检查结果超过职业病危害风险警告值的检出率为3.44%,超过职业病危害风险预警值的检出率为11.83%;年龄与听力异常有相关关系(P<0.05);50~60岁组可能是29~49岁组听力损伤的危险因素(P<0.05);接触噪声作业人员的听力损伤风险评估结果均为中等风险。结论该电厂接触噪声作业人员年龄偏大,年龄是噪声作业人员听力损伤的影响因素,各岗位风险评估结果为中等。

Objective To explore the influential factors and risk assessment of hearing impairment among the workers exposed noise in a power plant,so as to improve the effect of hearing protection in employers.Methods In 2018,262 noise-exposed workers in a large power generation enterprise in Shandong province were tested for pure tone hearing threshold,and the 8-hour noise exposure dose was measured.2 test and multivariate unconditional Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of hearing loss.The assessment model of occupational health risk quantitative method of International Committee on Mining and Metals(ICMM)was used to assess the risk of hearing loss.Results A total of 262 people were surveyed the rate of hearing test results exceeding the warning value of occupational hazard risk was 3.44%,and the rate exceeding the warning value of occupational hazard risk was 11.83%.Age was related to hearing impairment(P<0.05)in the related factors of hearing loss of workers exposed to noise.The group of 50-60 may be the risk factor of hearing loss in the group of 29-49(P<0.05).The risk assessment results of hearing loss in workers exposed to noise were all medium risk.Conclusion The workers of exposing to noise in the power plant are older,and age is the influencing factor of hearing loss.The risk assessment result is moderate.