2014~2020年济南市某三甲儿童医院手足口病患儿特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in a 3A-grade children’s hospital,Jinan city,2014-2020

目的了解山东大学齐鲁儿童医院手足口病(HFMD)患儿特征,为制定有效的防控策略提供依据。方法对2014~2020年本院上报《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》的HFMD资料进行分析。结果2014~2020年累计报告HFMD 62428例,男女性别比为1.49∶1。2014~2020年,病例总体呈下降趋势。病例年龄为1月龄至20岁,5岁及以下患儿占87.43%,1~2岁最多,占29.70%。实验室确诊病例5168例,其中EV71、CoxA16、EV71合并CoxA16、其他肠道病毒感染分别占36.07%、19.62%、1.24%、43.07%。2014、2015、2017年优势毒株为EV71,2016、2019年为CoxA16,2018和2020年为其他肠道病毒。累计报告重症手足口病80例(2014年78例、2017年2例),其中男童56例,女童24例,78例为5岁以下儿童,病原学检查发现,74例为实验室确诊病例(EV71、CoxA16、其他肠道病毒感染病例分别为59、2、13例)。临床资料分析发现,EV71型重症手足口病患儿早期临床症状表现为发热、疱疹,以及肢体抖动、精神萎靡等神经系统症状。结论HFMD仍为威胁儿童健康的主要疾病。

Objective To understand the characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)patients during 2014-2020 in Qilu children’s hospital of Shandong University,so as to provide basis for prevention and control of HFMD.Methods The HFMD cases from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System reported by Jinan children’s hospital during 2014-2020 were analyzed.Results A total of 62428 HFMD cases were reported during 2014-2020,including 80 severe cases.The male-to-female ratio was 1.49∶1.From 2014 to 2020,the overall number of HFMD showed a downward trend.In the distribution of HFMD population,the age of onset was from 1 month to 20 years old.87.43%of the patients(54580 cases)were 5 years old or younger.The number of cases in 1-2 years old group was the largest,accounting for 29.70%.There were 5168 laboratory confirmed cases,including 36.07%of EV71,19.62%of CoxA16,1.24%of EV71 and CoxA16 co-infections,43.07%of other enteroviruses.The predominant strain was EV71 in 2014,2015 and 2017,CoxA16 in 2016 and 2019,other enteroviruses in 2018 and 2020.A total of 80 severe cases(78 in 2014 and 2 in 2017)were reported,including 56 males and 24 females.There were 78 cases aged under 5 years old.Etiological examination found that 74 cases were laboratory confirmed cases(59 of EV71,2 of CoxA16 and 13 of other enterovirus).Clinical data analysis showed that the early clinical symptoms of children with severe HFMD infected with EV71 were fever,herpes,and neurological symptoms such as limb shaking,mental depression.Conclusion HFMD is still a major disease threatening children’s health.