2014~2019年莒南县居民脑卒中高危人群干预效果分析

Analysis on intervention effect on high-risk population of stroke among residents,Junan county,2014-2019

目的分析莒南县居民高危人群干预的效果,为制定脑卒中防控政策、实施脑卒中防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法对莒南县2014~2019年开展的脑卒中高危人群筛查和干预项目资料及人群脑卒中发病、死亡监测数据进行统计分析。结果调查6000人,干预人群多项脑卒中危险因素暴露水平明显降低,其中,高血压患病率由干预前22.78%下降为干预后20.01%(P<0.01),血脂异常率由干预前6.22%下降为5.16%(P<0.01),超重肥胖率由18.77%下降为15.65%(P<0.01),房颤的发生率由0.60%下降为0.35%(P<0.05),人群吸烟率由20.67%下降为17.21%(P<0.01);干预人群脑卒中发病率、死亡率较普通人群均明显下降(P<0.01),4年间减少发病59例,减少死亡16例,减少经济损失370.51万元。结论通过对脑卒中高危人群持续开展有针对性的干预,能够显著降低干预人群多项危险因素暴露水平,减少干预人群脑卒中的发病和死亡,降低脑血管疾病负担。

Objective To analyze the effect of intervention in the high-risk population of stroke in Junan county,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating stroke prevention and control policies and implementing stroke prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the screening and intervention project data of high-risk population of stroke and the monitoring data of stroke incidence and mortality during 2014-2019.Results The exposure level of several stroke risk factors in the intervention population was significantly reduced.Among them,the prevalence of hypertension decreased from 22.78%before intervention to 20.01%after intervention(P<0.01),the rate of dyslipidemia decreased from 6.22%before intervention to 5.16%(P<0.01),the rate of overweight and obesity decreased from 18.77%to 15.65%(P<0.01),the incidence of atrial fibrillation decreased from 0.60%to 0.35%(P<0.05),and the smoking rate decreased from 20.67%to 17.21%(P<0.01).The incidence and mortality of stroke in the intervention group were significantly lower than that in the general population(P<0.01).During the 4 years,59 cases of stroke and 16 deaths were reduced,and the economic loss was reduced by 3705100 yuan.Conclusion Sustained and targeted intervention for high-risk population for stroke can significantly reduce the exposure of multiple risk factors in the intervention population,reduce the incidence and death of stroke in the intervention population,and reduce the burden of cerebrovascular diseases.