西安市水产品中汞含量分析及其食用风险评价

Analysis of mercury content in aquatic products in Xi’an and its edible risk assessment

目的了解西安市居民日常消费的水产品中总汞的含量。方法使用原子荧光分光光度计与形态分析装置,对西安市2019年市售4大类共446个水产品的总汞进行测定。结果西安市市售水产品均含有一定痕量的汞,其中鱼类最高值为0.44mg/kg,虾类最高值为0.10mg/kg,贝类最高值为0.21mg/kg,蟹类最高值为0.042 mg/kg,但含量均未超过0.50 mg/kg的限量值,均可放心食用。此外海水产品中总汞含量高于淡水产品中总汞的含量,鱼龄越高,营养价值越高的水产品,其总汞含量越高。结论 2019年西安市售鱼类产品中汞的含量低于十年前国内其他城市的水平。通过此次调查研究发现,西安市日常市售水产品中的汞含量未超过国家限量要求,可以放心食用。

Objective To understand the content of total mercury in aquatic products consumed by residents in Xi’an. Methods The total mercury in 446 aquatic products from 4 categories in Xi’an in 2019 were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer and morphological analysis device. Results The commercial aquatic products in Xi’an city all contained certain trace amount of mercury, among which the maximum value of fish was 0.44 mg/kg, the maximum value of shrimp was 0.10 mg/kg, the maximum value of shellfish was 0.21 mg/kg, and the maximum value of crab was 0.042 mg/kg. However, the content did not exceed the limited value of 0.50 mg/kg, and they were safe to eat. In addition, the total mercury content in offshore aquatic products was higher than that in freshwater products. The aquatic products with higher fish age and nutritional value had higher total mercury content. Conclusion Mercury content in fish products sold in Xi’an in 2019 is lower than that in other cities in China ten years ago. This investigation found that the mercury content in daily aquatic products sold in Xi’an does not exceed the national limit requirements, so they could be safely consumed.