食品安全监督抽样流程常见问题及在线质量控制方法探讨

Discussion on common problems in sampling process of food safety supervision and online quality control method

国家市场监督管理总局为了主动发现问题,排查隐患,每年安排全国食品安全抽检监测任务多达数百万批次。针对食品安全抽样范围需要覆盖生产、流通、餐饮等不同环节,城市、乡村等不同区域,以及线上、线下等不同渠道的复杂情况,如何确保抽到满足以上要求的典型样品,并确保储运过程的质量控制就显得尤为重要。本文通过对法规、标准以及文献综合分析,结合生产环节、餐饮环节、流通环节中12家抽检机构进行的55种食品现场抽样的实地调研数据信息,分析了食品安全监督抽样流程存在的问题,并提出改进建议。同时,提出了"人、机、法、环"等要素在线质量控制指标及效果评价方法,作为传统监管模式的补充技术手段,为实现食品安全监管实时、动态工作模式提供参考依据。

In order to take the initiative to find problems and investigate potential risks, more than several million batches of national food safety inspection tasks are carried out every year by State Administration for Market Regulation. In view of the complicated situation that food safety sampling needs to cover different processes of production, circulation and catering, as well as different urban and rural areas, online, offline, channels, the quality control of sampling in storage and transportation process is particularly important to draw typical samples that meet the above requirements. Based on the comprehensive analysis of regulations, standards and literature, combined with the field survey data of 55 kinds of food samples from 12 organizations in production, catering and circulation, this paper analyzed the problems existing in the sampling process offood safety supervision and put forward some suggestions for improvement. At the same time, the online quality control index and effect evaluation method of"personnel, equipment, facilities and environmental conditions, methods" were put forward, which can be used as a supplementary technical means of the traditional supervision mode and provide a reference for realizing the real-time and dynamic working mode of food safety supervision.