不同覆盖处理对胶园土壤环境和橡胶树生长的影响

Effects of Different Mulching Treatments on Soil Environment and Growth of Rubber Trees in Rubber Plantation

基于云南植胶区温度偏高、地表蒸发强烈、废弃物资源丰富和生物降解迅速的优势,研究利用当地可资源化利用的废弃物,通过废弃物交错分层覆盖发挥防旱保墒作用,并持续供给植株充足养分。试验在2年生橡胶林下布置了有机覆盖Ⅰ、有机覆盖Ⅱ、防草席覆盖和不覆盖(常规对照)共4种处理,观测比较分析不同覆盖处理对土壤环境状况和橡胶树生长的影响。结果表明,3种覆盖处理的土壤含水量均高于常规对照,有机覆盖Ⅰ和有机覆盖Ⅱ处理明显改善了土壤养分状况,防草席覆盖处理减少了水分蒸发,抑制了杂草生长,但改善土壤有机质作用不明显。

Based on the advantages of high temperature,strong surface evaporation,rich waste resources and rapid biodegradation in Yunnan rubber planting area,the local recyclable waste can be used to play the role of drought prevention and moisture conservation through staggered layered covering of waste,and provide sufficient nutrients for plants continuously.Four treatments of organic mulching I,organic mulching II,straw mat mulching and no mulching(conventional control)were arranged under 2-year-old rubber forest.The effects of different mulching treatments on soil environment and rubber tree growth were compared and analyzed through long-term observation.The results showed that the soil water content of the three mulching treatments were higher than that of the conventional control.Organic mulching I and organic mulching II significantly improved the soil nutrient status.Straw mat mulching reduced water evaporation and inhibited the growth of weeds,but the effect of improving soil organic matter was not obvious.