大健康背景下中医体质学在恶性肿瘤防治中应用的思考

Reflection on the application of TCM constitution in the prevention and treatment of malignant tumor against the background of comprehensive healthcare

恶性肿瘤是一类具有复杂性、多样性的疾病,由于遗传因素、环境污染、不良生活方式等因素导致恶性肿瘤发病率不断升高,严重威胁人们的生命健康。体病相关理论认为体质是疾病发生的"土壤",偏颇体质较平和体质罹患恶性肿瘤的风险更高。大健康背景下,以体病相关理论为依据,结合慢性病防治策略,把恶性肿瘤疾病划分为无病、病前、病中、病后4个阶段,将辨体-辨病-辨证诊疗模式灵活运用于恶性肿瘤不同阶段防治策略中。这不仅有助于实现恶性肿瘤防控的"关口前移",同时有助于建立多学科协同的恶性肿瘤诊疗及健康管理模式,从而降低恶性肿瘤发病率、致死率,推进全民大健康事业发展。

Malignant tumor is a complex and diverse disease.Affected by genetic factors, environmental pollution, bad lifestyle and other factors, the incidence rate of malignant tumors has been increasing in recent years, which poses a serious threat to people’s life and health.Constitution-disease correlation theory believes that constitution is the "soil"for the development of disease. Compared with people with thebalanced constitution, those with the biased constitution have a much higher risk of suffering from malignant tumor.In the context of China’s national policy of comprehensive healthcare, based on the constitution-disease correlation theory, and in view of the prevention and treatment of chronic disease, we divide the development of malignant tumor into four phases: disease-free phase, pre-disease phase, disease phase and post-disease phase. The diagnosis and treatment model of constitution-disease-pattern differentiation should be applied with flexibility to the prevention and treatment of malignant tumor in the four phases. It is not only helpful for starting malignant tumor prevention and control as early as possible, but also conducive to establishing a multidisciplinary collaborative model for malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment and health management, which may reduce the incidence and mortality of malignant tumor, thus promoting the development of the national endeavor of comprehensive healthcare.