全国5省份新冠肺炎疫情期间青少年抑郁检出率及其与气郁质相关性的研究

Study on the detection rate of depression among adolescents during COVID-19 epidemic in five provinces of China and its correlation with qi stagnation

目的了解新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情影响下青少年抑郁发生情况,并探讨气郁质与抑郁发生的关系。方法采用整体抽样法从2020年3月20号到3月31号,在网络课堂课后通过发放电子问卷对在山东、辽宁、陕西、福建、河南抽取的初中生共11 548人,进行自制问卷、病人健康问卷抑郁(PHQ-9)量表、气郁质量表以及是否有新冠肺炎感染风险等调查研究,并对调查数据进行统计分析。结果 11 548名青少年中检出抑郁的人数为1 694人(14.67%);青少年抑郁的危险因素包括:女性(OR=1.507,95%CI:1.344~1.690)、毕业班(OR=1.352,95%CI:1.193~1.532)、有新冠肺炎感染风险(OR=1.552,95%CI:1.132~2.128)、气郁质(OR=3.571,95%CI:3.170~4.024),保护因素包括:父母关系良好(OR=0.859,95%CI:0.753~0.980)、亲子关系良好(OR=0.246,95%CI:0.216~0.281),气郁质青少年抑郁的风险是非气郁质青少年的3.6倍。结论新冠肺炎疫情背景下,青少年抑郁检出率并未明显高于非疫情时期,但气郁质对抑郁发生的影响较大,甚至高于新冠肺炎感染风险的影响。

Objective To investigate the incidence of depression in adolescents under the influence of COVID-19 epidemic, and to explore the relationship between qi-stagnation constitution and depression. Methods In this study, 11,548 junior high school students were selected from Shandong, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Fujian and Henan provinces by means of total population sampling from March 20 to March 31,2020 after online classes. The subjects were surveyed with questionnaires developed by the present research team, Patient Health Questiornaire-9(PHQ-9) scale and qi-stagnation scale, their risks of COVID-19 infection were investigated and all the results were analyzed statistically. Results 1.Of the 11,548 adolescents, 1,694(14.67%) suffered depression. 2. Risk factors for adolescent depression included female(OR=1.507,95%CI: 1.344~1.690), graduation(OR=1.352,95%CI: 1.193~1.532),COVID-19 infection risk(OR=1.552,95%CI: 1.132~2.128), and qi-stagnation constitution(OR=3.571,95%CI: 3.170~4.024), and protective factors included good relationship between parents(OR=0.859, 95%CI: 0.753~0.980), and good parent-child relationship(OR=0.246,95%CI: 0.216~0.281). Adolescents with qi-stagnation constitution were exposed to a 3.6 times higher risk of depression than those without qi stagnation. Conclusion In the context of COVID-19 epidemic, the detection rate of depression in adolescents was not significantly higher than that in the non-epidemic period.Instead, the influence of qi-stagnation constitution on the occurrence of depression was greater, even higher than that of the risk of COVID-19 infection.