从“血脉相关”探析血瘀证

Analysis of blood stasis pattern from “blood-vessel correlation”

"血脉相关"理论指的是血和脉共同构成一个维持和调节人体正常生命活动的功能系统,涵盖了血和脉之间的多重关系。在诸多血脉病变中,尤以血瘀最能体现血与脉相互作用的病理变化,在血瘀证的形成过程中,存在血液形质改变和脉络流通失常两个最主要因素。"活血脉、化瘀滞"的活血化瘀类方药对血瘀证确有疗效,说明血液瘀滞和脉络瘀阻是血瘀证的核心病机。"血脉相关"理论还可以阐释不同疾病血瘀证的"同证异象",而复杂系统下血瘀证的整体性特征、演化规律及其生物学机制等方面的研究,则需要在"病证结合"原则的指导下,考虑疾病的特异性。因此,厘清"血脉相关"理论体系,以典型疾病为切入点,从血液和脉络双重视角出发,考虑二者的交互作用,对于深入理解血瘀证内涵具有重要价值。

The"blood-vessel correlation" theory refers to the functional system constituted by the blood and vessel to maintain and regulate normal life activities of the human body, covering multiple relations between blood and vessel. Among many vascular diseases, blood stasis can best reflect the pathological changes in the interaction between blood and vessel. There are two main factors in the formation of blood stasis pattern: the change in the morphology and quality of blood and the abnormal circulation in the blood vessel. The fact that formulas and medicinal herbs for activating blood and removing blood stasis are effective for blood stasis pattern indicates that blood stasis and obstruction in vessels are the core pathogenesis of blood stasis pattern. In addition, the theory of "blood-vessel correlation" can explain the phenomenon of "the same pattern with different manifestations" of the blood stasis pattern in different diseases. Research into the overall characteristics, development rules and biological mechanisms of blood stasis pattern in the complex system should be guided by the principle of "combination of disease and pattern" and take into account the specificity of diseases. Therefore, it is of great value for better understanding the connotation of blood stasis pattern to clarify the theoretical system of "blood-vessel correlation", taking typical diseases as the starting point and exploring the interaction between the two from the dual perspectives of blood and vessels.