蜂针疗法常见不良反应发生相关因素分析

Analysis of Related Factors of Common Adverse Reactions of Bee-Venom Acupuncture Therapy

目的:探讨蜂针疗法中不良反应发生与多种因素的关系。方法:采用群体抽样的方法,对188名接受蜂针治疗5周的患者进行问卷调查,主要内容包括不良反应出现的局部症状、全身症状与体征,对因素进行Logistics回归分析。结果:蜂针疗法不良反应发生率较高的有红肿、疼痛、瘙痒、皮肤硬结,其发生率均在90%以上;色素沉着、皮肤瘀点水泡、淋巴结肿大也较常出现,其出现率在26%~76%之间;多汗、乏力、肌肉酸痛、恶寒发热多同时出现,其出现率在15%~20%。腹痛和腹泻程度较轻,两者发生率均低于15%;而风疹、头晕出现率较低,持续时间不长,其出现率不足5%。经Logistics回归分析,红肿的发生与蜂针累积量有关,瘙痒的发生与蜂针累积量有关,皮肤硬结的发生与年龄、体质量、疗程、累积量、频率均有关,色素沉着的发生与蜂针疗程、累积量和频率有关,皮肤瘀点水泡的发生与蜂针疗程、累积量、部位有关,淋巴结肿大的发生与蜂针累积量、部位有关,恶寒发热的发生与蜂针疗程、累积量有关(P<0.05)。局部疼痛与所列各项因素均未呈现相关关系。结论:蜂针累积量是蜂针疗法不良反应发生的独立危险因素,临床操作需格外注意。

Objective: To explore the relationship between various factors and adverse reactions of bee-venom acupuncture therapy. Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 188 randomly selected patients who received bee-venom acupuncture therapy for five weeks. The main contents of the survey included local symptoms, systemic symptoms and signs of adverse reactions,and the factors were analyzed by logistic regression. Results:Adverse reactions of bee-venom acupuncture therapy with high incidence were redness, pain, itching, and skin induration, with the incidence of more than 90%;pigmentation,skin petechia and blisters,and lymphadenopathy were also common,and the occurrence rates were between 26% and 76%;profuse sweating,fatigue,muscle soreness,aversion to cold and fever often occurred at the same time,with the occurrence rate of 15% to 20%. The incidence of abdominal pain and diarrhea was less than 15%;the occurrence rates of rubella and dizziness were less than 5%,and the duration was not long. According to logistic regression analysis,the occurrence of redness and swelling as well as itching was related to the cumulative amount of bee venom;the occurrence of skin induration was related to age,body mass,course of treatment,cumulative amount and frequency;the occurrence of pigmentation was related to the course of treatment,cumulative amount and frequency of bee acupuncture;the occurrence of skin petechia and blisters was related to the therapy,cumulative amount and location;the occurrence of lymphadenopathy was related to the cumulative amount and location of bee acupuncture;the occurrence of aversion to cold and fever was related to the therapy and cumulative amount(P<0.05). There was no correlation between local pain and the factors listed. Conclusion:The cumulative amount of bee venom is an independent risk factor for adverse reactions of bee-venom acupuncture therapy,and special attention should be paid to clinical operation.