区块链架构下的全球互联网建设:治理体系与中国进路

Global Internet Construction under the Blockchain Architecture:Governance System and China s Approach

围绕话语权争夺与利益博弈,全球互联网治理模式经历了网络自由主义、多利益攸关方、国家回归与再主权化三个阶段。然而意识形态霸权、文化传统差异及利益博弈等因素,导致网络空间公共议题治理难以形成共识。区块链应用场景的迅速拓展,为消解网络空间治理问题提供了思路。然而区块链单一的技术之治难以实现秩序、安全与信任等功能。通过区块链技术之治与主权区块链制度之治的双向赋能,区块链为全球互联网治理体系改革提供了可行路径。伴随中国全球治理能力的增强,中国在互联网治理领域提出了自己的方案。第一,中国要推动以联合国为核心的国际组织在全球联盟链的权威化和民主化;第二,在美国脱钩背景下,中国在互联网等科技领域更加要依赖自主发力与内部驱动创新;第三,全球互联网治理体系改革依赖于主权区块链的制度规范与技术规则来共同约束。

Focusing on the fight for discourse power and interests game,the global Internet governance model has experienced three stages:network liberalism,multi-stakeholder,national return and re-sovereignty.However,ideological hegemony,cultural tradition differences and interests game make it difficult to form a consensus on the governance of public issues in cyberspace.The rapid expansion of blockchain application scenarios provides ideas for resolving the problem of cyberspace governance.However,it is difficult for blockchain to achieve the functions of order,security and trust with a single technology.Through the two-way empowerment of the governance of blockchain technology and the governance of sovereign blockchain system,it provides a feasible path for the reform of global Internet governance system.With the enhancement of China s global governance capability,China has put forward its own plan in the field of Internet governance.Firstly,China should promote the authority and democratization of international organizations with the United Nations as the core in the global alliance chain.Secondly,in the context of the decoupling of the United States,China has to rely more on independent development and internal driven innovation in the field of Internet technology.Thirdly,the reform of global Internet governance system depends on the institutional norms and technical rules of sovereign blockchain.