投入产出分析与中国数字经济规模的测量

Input-Output Analysis and Measurement of the Scale of China’s Digital Economy

伴随着以5G、大数据、人工智能以及云计算等为代表的新一代信息通讯技术快速发展,数字经济已经成为引领经济社会变革和推动经济高质量发展的引擎。西方发达国家和新兴市场经济体纷纷将发展数字经济列入到国家的经济发展战略。为了能够针对我国数字经济规模进行科学而合理的测量,同时注重测量方法和框架具有国际比较方面的普适性,文章利用投入产出模型并结合《中国投入产出表》以及国家统计局发布的《数字经济及核心产业统计分类(2021)》等基础数据针对中国2012年、2017年和2018年的数字经济规模进行测量。从数字经济部门增加值占GDP比重来看,从2012年的5.16%升至2018年的7.14%;从绝对量来看,2018年中国数字经济的增加值为6.58万亿元,总产出为22.96万亿元。最后,文章对数字经济规模测算的研究框架可以为基于多国的投入产出表测算国际数字经济规模和进行跨国横向比较提供备选的研究思路。

With the rapid development of a new generation of information and communication technologies represented by 5 G,big data,artificial intelligence,and cloud computing,the digital economy has become an engine that leads economic and social changes and promotes high-quality economic development. Western developed countries and emerging market economies have introduced the development of digital economy into their national economic development strategies. To make a scientific and proper measurement of the scale of China’s digital economy,and at the same time to pay attention to the universal applicability of measurement methods and frameworks in terms of international comparison,this article uses the input-output model,combined with the basic data such as China input-output table and the statistical classification of digital economy and core industries( 2021) issued by the National Bureau of statistics to measure the scale of China’s digital economy in 2012,2017,and 2018. From the perspective of the proportion of the added value of the digital economy in the GDP,it rose from 5. 16% in 2012 to 7. 14% in 2018;in absolute terms,the added value of China’s digital economy in 2018 was 6. 58 trillion yuan,and the total output was 22. 96 trillion yuan. Finally,the research framework of this article for the measurement of the scale of the digital economy can provide alternative research ideas for the measurement and horizontal comparison of the scale of the international digital economy based on multi-country input-output tables.