水风光能源互补形式的研究探讨

Research on Complementary Forms of Hydro Wind and Solar Energy

能源是人类社会发展的必备需要,人类发展史就是一部能源发展史。在“碳达峰”和“碳中和”战略指引下,中国的能源生产形势和发展路径将会发生一次革命性的变化。如何有序减碳,实现碳排放的既定目标,又保证我国的能源安全,不影响经济发展。现在电力产生过程不生产碳的能源就是水、风和光等主要的清洁能源。从技术可开发量上看,三种能源如果实现大规模开发,确实可以满足我国的能源需求。但是众所周知,风光能源的间隙性和随机性确实对电力系统的安全运行构成了威胁。如何实现风光能源的大规模应用,同时电网安全运行就成为了一个重大能源研究课题。本文对目前通过实现水风光蓄互补对新能源接入进行了探讨,包括常规水电和风光新能源互补,抽水蓄能和风光新能源互补,蓄能大泵和新能源互补。这三种形式均是业界正在研究推广的模式。为将来的风光新能源大规模接入提供参考。

Energy serves as an indispensable element for the development of human society,and the history of human development is a history of energy development.China's energy production pattern and development path will undergo a revolutionary change,guided by"carbon peak"and"carbon neutrality"strategies.How can we reduce carbon emission in an orderly manner,achieve carbon emission targets of China,as well as ensure energy security in China,without compromising our economic development?Currently,such major forms of clean energy as hydro,wind,and solar energy lead to zero carbon emissions in the process of power generation.In terms of technologically exploitable amount,these three forms of energy can indeed meet China's energy demand,provided that they can be developed on a large scale.Nevertheless,it is well known that the intermittency and randomness of wind and solar energy do pose a threat to the safe operation of power system.On that account,it has risen as a prominent energy research topic regarding approaches to applying solar energy on a large scale,while ensuring safe operation of power grid.This paper probes into new energy access by achieving the complementarity of hydro,wind,and solar energy storage,including the complementarity of conventional hydropower with wind and solar energy,the complementarity of pumped storage with wind and solar energy,the complementarity of energy storage large pump with new energy.These three forms are all models being studied and promoted in the industry,which provides reference for large-scale access to wind and solar energy in the future.